232 S.W. 801 | Tex. Crim. App. | 1921
Appellant is charged with the robbery of Hernandez, and upon conviction the penalty against him was assessed at confinement in the penitentiary for a period of seven years.
The transaction embraced is the same as has been described in the opinion of this court in the companion cases recently decided. See Hardy v. State, No. 6324, 231 S.W. Rep., 1097; Searcy v. State, No. 6223, 232 S.W. Rep., 319; Searcy v. State, No. 6222, 232 S.W. Rep., 299.
Appellant's wife, Zora Turner, gave some important testimony supporting appellant's defense of alibi. The State used to contradict and impeach her a written statement which she had given under oath in the presence of the justice of the peace and county attorney. As we comprehend the record, Zora Turner, appellant's wife, was brought before the justice of the peace and examined under the authority of Article 976 of the Penal Code, and in obedience to that subdivision of the statute, she made the statement which was used in evidence against the appellant for the purpose of discrediting her evidence given in support of his defense. We are of the opinion that in admitting this evidence the learned trial judge fell into error. Article 976, as we conceive it, is intended as a means of aiding the officers of the law to ascertain facts pertaining to whether an offense has been committed. Assuming that it would be no obstacle to an inquiry under the statute of a wife of one accused of crime, Article 795, in which it is declared that a wife cannot testify against the husband except in a prosecution for an offense committed against her, is an obstacle to the use of this statement of the wife upon the trial of her husband. In the case of Johnson v. State,
Hernandez and other Mexicans were occupying a boarding-car and, according to his testimony, were asleep in the night-time when they *617 were assailed by a number of negroes, and while one of them pointed a pistol at him, another took his money, and yet another, whom he identified as the appellant, struck him with a wrench. He had not previously seen them or known them, and upon his direct examination, he said that upon the night of the robbery, appellant was brought before him by the sheriff and another and by him identified. The witness admitted upon cross-examination that when the appellant was brought before him, he shook his head and said "no," but that later he knew him. We understand from the record that the time that appellant was brought before Hernandez was on the night of the robbery and such conservation as took place was through the mediation of an interpreter named Frank, the officers and the Mexicans not speaking the same language. The sheriff on the subject testified that, when arrested, the appellant was at hime in bed with his wife. The sheriff said:
"I don't know what the Mexicans said to Frank, but Frank told us the Mexican identified the negro as the one that had hit him. He said he identified Earnest Turner as the one."
And by a companion of the sheriff, it was said:
"The Mexicans identified the negroes by shaking their heads was all I know. Old Frank was there."
Also said that when Turner and Hardy were brought in, Hernandez identified Turner but could not identify Hardy, because he had his face blacked.
The evidence quoted was hearsay and inadmissible, as was also the statement by the witness that Hernandez identified the appellant. Ripley v. State, 51 Tex.Crim. Rep.; Turman v. State, 50 Tex.Crim. Rep.; Reddick v. State,
For the errors pointed out, the judgment of the trial court is reversed and the cause remanded.
Reversed and remanded.