Turbeville v. State

Jun 15, 1867
Reporters:
Before:
Walkeb
A. J. WALKEB, C. J.

The bill of exceptions in this case does not set forth any evidence whatever. It consists alone of a statement of three requests to charge, of the refusal of two of them, of the giving of the third, with what is denominated a qualification, and of the defendant’s exceptions to the ‍‌​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌​​​​​‌​​‌‌​​​​​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌​​​‌​​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‍refusals to charge, and to the charge given. It is settled in this court, that when a charge is asked and refused, it will be presumed to have been abstract, although otherwise unobjectionable, unless the contrary is shown by a statement of the evidence. — Morris v. State, 25 Ala. 57; Dent v. Portwood, 17 Ala. 242; Wilson v. Calvert, 19 Ala. 274; Leverett v. Carlisle, 19 Ala. 80; Stein *717v. Ashby, 30 Ala. 363; Partridge v. Forsyth, 29 Ala. 200; Brown v. Cockerell, 33 Ala. 38; Gunn v. Howell, 35 Ala. 144; Aiken v. State, 35 Ala. 399; Donohoo v. State, 36 Ala. 281; McGehee v. State, 37 Ala. 161; Knox v. Easton, 38 Ala. 345.

2. It is possible that the pertinency of the two charges asked and refused may be inferred from the pleading; and we ‍‌​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌​​​​​‌​​‌‌​​​​​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌​​​‌​​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‍pass by the question, whether those charges should not be presumed to have been abstract, and therefore properly refused. Even if we concede that those two charges were not abstract, there was a ground upon which the court below was bound to refuse them. They assert that the jury “must find the defendant not guilty,” if they entertained a reasonable doubt as to the defendant’s intent to murder the two persons specified in the indictment. The law is, that the defendant could have been found guilty in the absence of the intent to murder. The conclusion of not guilty could not be predicated of the premises of the charges; ‍‌​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌​​​​​‌​​‌‌​​​​​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌​​​‌​​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‍and for that reason, if no other, the defendant had no right to have them given. The precise point was so ruled by this court in Mooney v. State, 33 Ala. 419.

3. The third charge asked was, that the defendant should be found not guilty, unless the evidence against him was such as to exclude to a moral certainty every supposition but that of his guilt. This charge the court gave. The complaint is, that the court gave it with the qualification, that the jury must be satisfied, beyond a reasonable doubt, of the guilt of the defendant. This charge as given was an indisputably correct statement of the law; and in Mose ‍‌​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌​​​​​‌​​‌‌​​​​​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌​​​‌​​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‍v. State, (36 Ala. 211, 231,) it was decided to be substantially the same‘with a charge identically the same in substance with the charge asked and given in this case. There was, therefore, no error in charging the jury, that the charge given on the defendant’s request had the meaning stated by the court. The charge, as given by the court of its own motion, was an explanation of the charge given on request, but was not a qualification of it. If, therefore, the court had instructed the jury, -that the former was a qualification, it would have been incorrect. But, while the bill of exceptions denominates the former a qualification of the latter, it ‍‌​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌​​​​​‌​​‌‌​​​​​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌​​​‌​​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‍does not appear that the court so instructed the jury, *718or that any point was made, or exception taken, on the use of the term qualification by the court. We can not affirm, either that there was error in the explanatory charge given by the court, or in the manner in which it was given.

The judgment is affirmed.