36 N.Y.S. 384 | N.Y. Sup. Ct. | 1895
Having carefully read the evidence found in the appeal book, the conclusion is reached that the findings of fact made by the learned referee are sustained by the testimony offered before him at the trial. We think the evidence indicates very clearly that the use by the defendants of the name “The Tuerlc Water-Meter Company,” and the practices in respect thereto adopted by the defendants, led to confusion arising from its similarity to the name of the motor of the plaintiff, and that the similarity was such as to cause persons dealing in the articles to suppose it to be the same. In Manufacturing Co. v. Spear, 2 Sandf. 599, it was held that every manufacturer has an unquestionable right “to distinguish the goods that he manufactures or sells by a peculiar mark or device, so that they may be known as his in the market, and he may thus secure the profits which their superior repute as his may be the means of gaining.” In Colman v. Crump, 70 N. Y. 573, it was said:
“It is not necessary that the symbol or device complained of should be a facsimile of the genuine trade-mark, or so close an imitation as to be distinguished only by an expert, or upon critical examination by one familiar with ilie original. If the resemblance is such as to deceive a purchaser of ordinary caution, or if it be calculated to deceive the careless and unwary, and thus to injure the sale of the goods of the proprietor of the trade-mark, it is a violation of his property rights therein, and he may maintain an action to restrain such violation, and to recover damages therefor.”
A similar doctrine was stated in Tallcot v. Moore, 6 Hun, 106. In Popham v. Cole, 66 N. Y. 69, it was said that:
“When ordinary attention on the part of customers will enable them to discriminate between the trade-marks of different parties, the court will not interfere.”
We think the evidence in this case warranted the referee in finding that the case before him came within the rule of law which the cases we have referred to support. We think the contention of the defendants is not aided by the case of Forney v. Publishing Co. (Sup.) 10 N. Y. Supp. 814, as in that case there was no evidence showing actual confusion in any instance from the claimed similarity in names. The referee found that prior to the spring of 1886 Frederick Tuerk was in the employ of the plaintiff, and had charge of the preparation of catalogues and circulars for the plaintiff, and that lie frequently used as an illustration the picture of a girl seated by an open window, operating a sewing machine with the help of a motor; and in connection with this picture a statement, purporting to have been made by a government official at Washington, that women should not be permitted to run sewing machines in the ordinary way. Thereafter the referee found that in the spring of 1886
We are of the opinion that the omission of the referee to find damages against the defendants furnishes no reason for withholding an injunction. The same conclusion was stated in Manufacturing Co. v. Garner, supra, near the close of the opinion. Nor do we see any error available to the appellants in the refusals of the referee to find in accordance with certain requests made by the defendants. Crim v. Starkweather, 136 N. Y. 635, 32 N. E. 701; Galle v. Tode (Sup.) 26 N. Y. Supp. 638.
Several exceptions were taken during the trial to the referee’s admission and rejection of evidence. After careful attention to them, we have discovered, none which require us, under the rule applicable in equity cases, to interfere with the conclusion reached by the referee. Galle v. Tode, 74 Hun, 542, 26 N. Y. Supp. 633. The action was on the equity side of the court, and in Donovan v. Clark, 138 N. Y. 631, 33 N. E. 1066, it was said:
*387 “In sucli cases exceptions to evidence should be disregarded, unless the appellant can show that injustice has been done upon the whole case, or that the ruling complained of may have affected the result.”
The foregoing views lead to an affirmance.
Judgment affirmed, with costs. All concur.