192 A.D. 764 | N.Y. App. Div. | 1920
The plaintiff brings this action to recover for the alleged wrecking of its steamboat by reason of certain obstructions said to have been placed in the Hudson river by the defendants. The complaint alleges that prior to the 1st day of August, 1919, the defendants named in the complaint “ negligently, carelessly and‘wrongfully constructed, erected and maintained in the bed of the Hudson river, a navigable tide-water river in the State of New York, at a point in the said bed of the said river about three hundred feet from the bridge structure crossing said river from the City of Troy to the City of Watervliet owned by the said defendant, The Troy and West Troy Bridge Company, certain structures of concrete, iron or steel and wood, with moorings of iron or steel chains and other connections and contrivances, and wrongfully, carelessly and negligently continued the maintenance thereof in the said bed of said river until after the injuries to this plaintiff’s property hereinafter alleged, and said structures, connections and contrivances were so constructed, erected and maintained and were allowed and continued to be under water and in the traveled part of said river and were concealed from view of persons and craft lawfully navigating said river, and were there left without marking, notice or warning of any kind.” It is then alleged that while the plaintiff’s steamboat was lawfully plying the waters of said river it came in contact with the said obstructions, receiving injuries which compelled the beaching of the steamboat to prevent her sinking, resulting in damages to the amount of $40,000.
The defendant The Terry & Tench Company, Inc., which appears to be a construction company, answers, making practically a general denial of the material allegations of the
The plaintiff brings its action against The Troy and West Troy Bridge Company, The Fort Pitt Bridge Works of Pittsburgh, Penn,, The Terry & Tench Company, Inc., and John H. Gray, and alleges generally that the defendants have carelessly and negligently obstructed the navigation of the Hudson river, producing special injury to its property. The transaction is obviously one in which various parties have taken part, and just where the liability may rest, if the plaintiff succeeds at all, is a question which must depend upon the developments of the trial. The Terry & Tench Company has found no difficulty in answering it; it denies that it has taken part in any work which has resulted in damages to the plaintiff, and the latter is bound to prove all of the allegations of its complaint in order to involve the appellant in damages to any extent. If the plaintiff does not succeed in establishing the fact of the appellant’s connection with the obstruction then the Terry & Tench Company obviously has no interest in the size, age, condition, tonnage, etc., of the steamboat alleged to have been injured, and the same is true of many of the other matters upon which it asks the court to command a bill of particulars. All of the other defendants have an equal interest in knowing the facts, and there is nothing to indicate that they may not be in a position to bring out upon the trial all that is vital in this action. The plaintiff, under the pleadings as they now stand, has a difficult case to establish; no material facts are admitted. It must not only prove that there was an obstruction, but that it was unlawfully placed in the river, and that the Terry & Tench Company' wrongfully placed it there, or, at least, that it was negligent in placing or maintaining the obstruction, and we see no difficulty, through the defendant’s opportunity to cross-examine the plaintiff’s witnesses, and to introduce testimony on its own behalf, in bringing to the attention of the court and jury all of the facts bearing upon the issue without the aid of a bill of particulars. In the absence of controlling reasons, the court ought not to limit the plaintiff’s scope of proof by confining
The affidavit of Charles Capron Marsh, one of the attorneys for the appellant, that in his opinion a bill of particulars is necessary, gives no facts on which such an opinion may be properly based, and the requirements of rule 23 of the General Rules of Practice are not satisfied with the mere opinion of an attorney in the case; the affidavit of the party is demanded by the rule. (Nichols N. Y. Practice, § 905; Rhodes v. Lewin, 33 App. Div. 369, 370, 371; Parkes v. Mayor, etc., 43 id. 617; Tompkins v. Continental Nat. Bank, 71 id. 330; Quarantiello v. Grand Trunk R. Co., 145 id. 138, 140; Rothschild v. Haviland, 172 id. 562, 563.)
The affidavit of Frederick Tench, who says he is the president of the Terry & Tench Company, is alone necessary to be considered. Rule 23 of the General Rules of Practice provides that “ All motions for relief to which a party is not entitled as matter of right shall be made upon papers showing merits, and the good faith of the prosecution or defense, which may be shown by any proof that shall satisfy the court,” and it has been held that the moving papers must show to the court the facts and circumstances from which merit in the application for relief may be inferred; a formal affidavit of merits is no longer sufficient. (Heischober v. Polishook, 152 App. Div. 193, 195; Clews v. Peper, 112 id. 430; Rothschild v. Haviland, 172 id. 562.) Tried by this'standard the affidavit in question is wholly inadequate. It merely states the general purpose of the action, the amount of damage claimed, the substance of the Terry & Tench Company’s answer, and that the “ defendant and all of its officers, including deponent, are entirely ignorant of the facts bearing on the amount of damage alleged to have been sustained by the plaintiff, and of each and every matter regarding which a bill of particulars is asked in the annexed notice of motion, nor has the said defendant any means of ascertaining said facts except from the plaintiff.” If the plaintiff is the single source of information, and it has the burden of establishing its cause of action, we are unable to discover any reason for the bill of particulars. “ The purpose of such a bill is to amplify the pleadings and to indicate with more particularity than is ordinarily required in
The order appealed from should be affirmed, with costs.
Order unanimously affirmed, with ten dollars costs and disbursements.