14 Conn. App. 172 | Conn. App. Ct. | 1988
The plaintiff instituted this action against the named corporate defendant and two individual defendants seeking specific performance of a contract
The following facts are relevant to this appeal. The plaintiffs motion for default for failure to appear was granted on July 29,1985. On January 6,1986, a judgment by default was rendered against the defendant.
Shortly thereafter, the defendant filed a motion to open judgment. In support of the motion, the defendant asserted, inter alia, that “[t]he defendant failed to plead for the reason that the defendant is a corporation whose [present and] principal shareholder is Mr. Alan Fishman, who was making efforts to retain counsel” and that “there is a good faith defense in this case and we will proceed with due diligence once the default is opened.” In an affidavit attached to the defendant’s motion, Fishman stated that the default occurred because he “was in the midst of changing attorneys . . . and gathering and organizing [his] corporate affairs, including litigation matters, to bring them to a new [law] firm.”
On April 21,1986, the motion to open judgment was denied, and final judgment was rendered. On May 1, 1986, the defendant filed a “motion to reargue,” seeking to open the judgment. This motion asserted the additional ground “that the default should not have been granted because at the time said default for failure to appear against the defendant corporation was granted, the court had on record a pro se appearance
This court’s review of a denial of a motion to open a default judgment is necessarily based on the requirements of General Statutes § 52-212.
The defendant argues that a pro se appearance had been entered on its behalf and therefore the judgment by default for failure to appear was improper. The trial court rejected this argument noting, in its articulation, that the defendant had failed to file a “proper appearance.” We conclude that the trial court was correct.
“In Connecticut, a corporation may not appear pro se. Bar Association v. Connecticut Bank & Trust Co., 20 Conn. Sup. 248, 261, 131 A.2d 646 (1957), modified
It is the defendant’s burden to show that it was prevented by mistake, accident or other reasonable cause unrelated to its own negligence from appearing in the case prior to rendition of judgment. Manchester State Bank v. Reale, 172 Conn. 520, 525, 375 A.2d 1009 (1977). In its articulation, the court concluded that “[n]o excuse for failure to file a proper appearance for six months was forthcoming that satisfied the court that it should grant [defense counsel’s] motion.” (Emphasis in original.) The trial court’s conclusion that the defendant had failed to discharge its burden of proving absence of negligence was amply supported by the record.
The defendant’s failure to appear and defend was due either to indifference or inattention, or both. The mere negligence or inattention of a party is no ground for vacating a judgment. Parties are not justified in neglecting important legal matters merely because of the press or importance of other business and such negligence is ordinarily not excusable. See Motes v. Karzian Moving & Storage, Inc., 31 Conn. Sup. 540, 542-43, 329 A.2d 624 (1974); Engler Instrument Co. v. Design Productioneering Corporation, 3 Conn. Cir. Ct. 393, 396-97, 215 A.2d 687 (1965).
The defendant’s final argument is that the court erred in refusing to open the default judgment where the defendant faded to receive actual notice of the entry of default or the motion for judgment on the default.
There is no error.
In this opinion the other judges concurred.
The individual defendants have not appealed. Therefore, the only defendant referred to hereinafter is the named corporate defendant.
The certified trial court record on file with this court contains no appearance form on behalf of the named defendant. The defendant, however, attached to its motion to reargue a copy of the Superior Court computer printout notification of the “status of appearances for this case as of 08/27/85,” which listed the named defendant as a pro se party.
“[General Statutes] Sec. 52-212. reopening judgment upon default OR nonsuit, (a) Any judgment rendered or decree passed upon a default or nonsuit in the superior court may be set aside, within four months following the date on which it was rendered or passed, and the case reinstated on the docket, on such terms in respect to costs as the court deems reasonable, upon the complaint or written motion of any party or person prejudiced thereby, showing reasonable cause, or that a good cause of action or defense in whole or in part existed at the time of the rendition of the judgment or the passage of the decree, and that the plaintiff or defendant was prevented by mistake, accident or other reasonable cause from prosecuting the action or making the defense.
“(b) The complaint or written motion shall be verified by the oath of the complainant or his attorney, shall state in general terms the nature of the claim or defense and shall particularly set forth the reason why the plaintiff or defendant failed to appear.”
Practice Book § 377. “opening judgment upon default or nonsuit. Any judgment rendered or decree passed upon a default or nonsuit may be set aside within four months succeeding the date on which it was rendered or passed, and the case reinstated on the docket on such terms in respect to costs as the court deems reasonable, upon the written motion of any party or person prejudiced thereby, showing reasonable cause, or that a good cause of action or defense in whole or in part existed at the time of the rendition of such judgment or the passage of such decree, and