320 S.E.2d 418 | N.C. Ct. App. | 1984
TRI CITY BUILDING COMPONENTS, INC.
v.
PLYLER CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, INC.
Court of Appeals of North Carolina.
*419 Petree, Stockton, Robinson, Vaughn, Glaze & Maready by W. Thompson Comerford, Jr., Leon E. Porter, Jr., and Jane C. Jackson and Horton, Hendrick & Kummer by Hamilton C. Horton, Jr., and Edward V. Zotian, Winston Salem, for plaintiff-appellee.
Gray, Kimel & Connolly by Joseph A. Connolly, Asheville, for defendant-appellant.
PHILLIPS, Judge.
The order of summary judgment was erroneously entered for two reasons. It is *420 therefore vacated and the case is remanded to the Superior Court for trial.
One reason the summary judgment was erroneous is that an issue of fact as to whether plaintiff's trusses were defectivethe dominant issue upon which defendant's affirmative defense and counterclaim both restwas raised by the evidence that was before the court. Plaintiff took the deposition of Robert H. Plyler, who had helped operate the defendant construction company for five years and was there when the trusses fell. He testified that: The collapse started with one truss breaking in two, and when that truss fell it pulled the other trusses, the bracing and the walls down with it; he examined that truss, as well as the other trusses, and found that it had broken cleanly across a knot pattern, whereas the other trusses sustained splintering, shearing and other damage when they fell to the paved floor or on each other. When asked by plaintiff's counsel "What caused that truss to break?" the witness responded, in substance, substandard, too weak lumber which contained knots that lumber of that grade was not supposed to have. On several other occasions during the deposition the witness testified that the trusses were made of substandard lumber and that substandard lumber caused the failure. This evidence raised an issue for the jury and the court's holding to the contrary was error. That the witness also testified that other things could have caused or contributed to the collapse of the trussessuch as damage done to some of the trusses in transit and improperly arranged concrete block walls that the trusses were affixed tois beside the point for the purposes of this appeal. On a motion for summary judgment judges do not resolve inconsistencies and conflicts in evidence, nor do they assess the credibility or weight of the evidence; they only determine whether the evidence, under any view taken of it, raises a material issue of fact. Singleton v. Stewart, 280 N.C. 460, 186 S.E.2d 400 (1972).
The court's other error was in hearing the motion when the ten day's notice required by Rule 56(c) had not been given and defendant had had no fair opportunity to prepare for the hearing. The court's finding that defendant was not prejudiced since the case had been calendared for trial is supported neither by the record nor the common experience of the profession. Being prepared to call witnesses and to try a case that has been calendared for a month is not the same thing as being prepared to oppose a summary judgment motion that has not been calendared at all. Zimmerman's Department Store, Inc. v. Shipper's Freight Lines, Inc., 67 N.C.App. 556, 313 S.E.2d 252 (1984). Defense counsel's only reason for going to Winston-Salem from Asheville that day, so far as the record reveals, was to argue his change of venue motion; he had no reason to suppose that the motion for summary judgment would be heard and was not prepared for such a hearing. Defendant had no brief on the issue to hand up to the courtand could not have been expected to have one under the circumstancesbut plaintiff did submit a brief, which the court considered. As was indicated in Ketner v. Rouzer, 11 N.C.App. 483, 182 S.E.2d 21 (1971) and Zimmerman's Department Store, Inc. v. Shipper's Freight Lines, Inc., supra, with adequate time to prepare for the summary judgment hearing, the issues can often be made clearer and the court's task easier. That defendant either by affidavit or brief might have been able to point more directly to the crucial evidence that was available on the issue, if it had had an opportunity to do so, and that the court might have profited by such aid, is self-evident. Except for such analysis of the available evidence as may have been made in plaintiff's brief, which is not in the record, the record indicates that the court arrived at its decision from examining the considerable papers in the court file, whereas such decisions are usually made after comparing the analyses, references, and summaries of the opposing lawyers. This may account for the court ruling that the evidence failed to raise a material issue of fact on defendant's affirmative *421 defense, but did raise such an issue on defendant's counterclaim, when both the defense and the counterclaim rest on the contention that the trusses were defective. In any event, dismissing a party's claim or defense by summary judgment is too grave a step to be taken on short notice; unless, of course, the right to notice that those opposing summary judgment have under Rule 56(c) is waived. Raintree Corporation v. Rowe, 38 N.C. App. 664, 248 S.E.2d 904 (1978). But being in court to present another motion and objecting to the hearing being held is no waiver.
Vacated and remanded.
WEBB, J., concurs.
JOHNSON, J., concurs in result.
