Travelers' Insurance v. Jones

80 Ga. 541 | Ga. | 1888

Bleckley, Chief Justice.

Jones had an accident policy, commencing to operate in June, 1884, and continuing of force for one year. In January, 1885, he undertook to pass from some point in the city of Brunswick to his home in that city, and in walking along a railroad track, he stepped upon a trestle several feet in length, consisting of cross-ties elevated some six or eight feet above the bottom of a ditch, and requiring several steps (each from one cross-tie to another) to pass over it. The night was dark and rainy. He had in his arms or hands two packages; and while endeavoring to pass, he made a misstep and fell through and hurt himself seriously. The contract contained a stipulation exempting the company from liability for inj uries occasioned by “ voluntary exposure to unnecessary danger, hazard, or perilous adventure.” The defence was that this injury was within the exemption; and the evidence showed that Jones knew the place was dangerous; and all the witnesses regarded it as dangerous. There were other ways to reach his home, but that was the usual way he traveled, and many others traveled that way. He had been going that way for ten years; it was his usual route home; but he knew it was dangerous, as he testified himself. A plan of the city in the immediate neighborhood and including the scene of the accident is in the record, from which it appears that there were other ways of access to his house which were open; and we do not see in the record why he should have taken this risk, unless at his own expense. The suit was in a justice’s court, and the magistrate gave judgment against the plaintiff, and he appealed to a jury; the jury found against him, and he carried the case to the superior court by certiorari. That court* sustained the certiorari and ordered a new trial; the errors alleged being that a certain charge requested by counsel for the insurance company was given by the justice of the peace to the jury, and also that the verdict was contrary to law, to the evidence, to the weight of evidence and the principles of justice.

1. The judge in ruling upon the case held that the verdict might well be (he does not say that he absolutely judged it to be) contrary to the evidence and the weight of evidence. On this question we differ with him. The verdict was amply justified by the evidence ; and the only doubt is, whether it was not compelled. For my own part, I can scarcely see how the jury could have rendered any other verdict. But this is eminently a question for the jury, and if the instructions of the court .had been correct, we should have no hesitation in overruling his honor in sustaining this certiorari.

2. But there is a very faulty charge, procured at the instance of counsel for the prevailing party. That charge is so flagrantly illegal, as applied to the facts of this case, that we do not feel authorized to reverse the judgment, since the error was caused by the now complaining party, through its counsel. There was no occasion for it. It seems to have been as unnecessary a hazard as the crossing of the trestle. It was a kind of trestle in the case — a trestle that one had to go out of his way to walk over. This being so, we affirm the judgment. The charge to which we allude, and which, so far as appears, embraced all the instructions given to the jury, was as follows : “ I charge you that if you should find from the evidence that the plaintiff, Robert Jones, received injuries while voluntarily exposing himself to unnecessary danger, hazard or perilous adventure, then the verdict must he for the defendant; that when a contract is reduced to writing, it then becomes the evidence of what that contract is, and that the presumption is that when a man signs a contract he does it with ftll notice of its terms and conditions, and that a man- would not be allowed to say that when he signed it he did not know the contents, unless he further showed that the other party had committed a fraud upon him by false representations of its contents and that lie could notread. I charge this to be the law of this case, and under it you must find your verdict.” The whole of this charge as to reducing the contract to writing, presumption, full notice, fraud, false representations, could not read, etc., is irrelevant to anything found in the record. But the hurtful instructions were, that “under it, you must find your' verdict.” The most of it should have been wholly disregarded in finding the verdict. Why should such an irrelevant charge be pronounced obligatory upon the jury ? To recite a state of facts not in dispute, and add, “ I charge this to be the law of this case, and under it you must find your verdict,” is not a fair or safe mode of submitting the real controversy to a jury. The other side was not submitted at all.

Judgment affirmed.