222 Mich. 425 | Mich. | 1923
Luka Tomkovich, Milica, his wife, and Rocco Pavicevich were partners doing a small grocery and meat business at the village of Wakefield under the firm name of Pavicevich & Tomkovich. Tomkovich and wife made a promissory note to defendant Mistevich due July 29, 1916, for $257. On July 18, 1916, the* note not being due, Mistevich filed with a justice of the peace an affidavit for a writ of attachment reciting that “there is justly due him from Luka Tomkovich and Milica Tomkovich, copartners, the sum of $257,” and that:
“He has good reason to believe and does believe that defendants are about to remove from the county, and refuse and neglect to pay or secure payment of the debt, and that defendants are about to assign and dispose of their property, not exempt by law from levy and sale on execution, with intent to delay, hinder and defraud their creditors, particularly deponent.”
The writ was issued accordingly. The bond in attachment was signed by Mistevich as principal and by John Raic as surety. It was in the sum of $600 and ran to “Luka Tomkovich and Milica Tomkovich, co-partners.” Its condition was: .
“If said Spiro Mistevich shall pay to the said Luka Tomkovich and Milica Tomkovich, copartners, all damages and costs they may sustain by reason of the said attachment, if the said Mistevich shall fail to recover judgment in said suit, then this obligation to be void, otherwise to remain in full force.”
Counts 1 and 4 are on the attachment bond against Mistevich as principal and Raic as surety reciting that the firm of Pavicevich & Tomkovich owned the goods and chattels seized on the writ, and
. “That by reason of the wrongful attachment and seizure of the goods of said plaintiffs and said Pavicevich a large amount of meats and groceries in said building was spoiled, injured and damaged to the extent of, to-wit, $300; and that their general standing in the community was impaired.”
It is also stated that plaintiffs expended money in defending the attachment suit, and that Mistevich has not paid to plaintiffs all or any of the damages and costs so sustained by them. A judgment is claimed in the sum of $600, the penalty of the bond.
Counts 2 and 5 set forth a claimed cause of action by plaintiffs in their own behalf and as assignees of Pavicevich because the attachment suit was commenced and prosecuted by defendant Mistevich, the defendant Raic aiding and abetting him, maliciously
The attachment suit was against Luka and Milica Tomkovich, copartners. There was no such partnership entity, and of course no property of such entity to be attached. Assuming, but not stating, that the officer here might have attached the interests of Luka and Milica Tomkovich in the partnership of Pavicevich & Tomkovich, he had no right to seize the specific chattels. What is the interest of a partner?
“Such interest must be treated as consisting of a right to an aliquot share of what remains after the payment of partnership debts and the adjustment of accounts between the partners.” Kunze v. Cox, 113 Mich. 546 (67 Am. St. Rep. 480).
“The interest which a partner has in a firm consists usually, if not always, in his share of the assets after all the accounts are settled among the partners, and all debts paid.” Lambert v. Griffith, 50 Mich. 286.
A case in point is Haynes v. Knowles, 36 Mich. 407. There the officer sought to attach the interest of one of two partners. It was said:
“The property seized was hides, meat, fresh and salt, and a lot of articles used in carrying on a market. The evidence tended and was found by the jury to show a complete ouster of both parties and the entire destruction of their business.
“The evidence introduced further showed a levy on all the specific property, item by item, and its ap*429 praisal in the same way, on the 10th of April, 1875, under the attachment in question. * * *
“Such a levy cannot be justified. A levy on _ the interest of a partner, as intimated in Sirrine v. Briggs, 31 Mich. 443, if it can be made at all under an attachment, cannot be made on specific chattels. Such a levy is a trespass.”
The wrongful levy here was a trespass for which the firm of Pavicevich & Tomkovich had a right of action, and for which plaintiffs had no right of action on the bond. The principal and surety in the bond, as such, may not be held liable for a trespass by the. officer having the writ.
Pavicevich was not injured by the instituting of the; attachment suit. He was injured by the trespass. He was not a defendant in attachment and had no-right of action for malicious prosecution on account, thereof. 26 Cyc. pp. 6-8. And a right of action for malicious prosecution is personal and cannot be assigned. 26 Cyc. p. 66; 18 R. C. L. pp. 18, 62; 1 C. J. p. 202; 3 Comp. Laws 1915, § 12383, and cases cited.
Nor can plaintiffs, merely as assignees of Pavicevich, on counts 3 and 6, recover one-third of the damages occasioned the partnership by the seizure on the theory that he had a separate grievance. It was said in Bigelow v. Reynolds, 68 Mich. 344:
“But, furthermore, there is a fatal objection to the cause of action as declared on in the second count. Plaintiff declared as a member of a partnership' whose business was- interfered with, and claimed an undivided third of the damages for that injury. There, is no rulé of law which will allow a partner to bring a. separate action at law for his supposed share of a. partnership grievance. Partners do not own undivided shares in such a .sense that each can sue separately for his part in a common wrong. Such actions are not severable, and all must join in bringing them.”
In view of what has been said it is unnecessary to 'consider whether these claimed causes of action might •be joined. Accepting suggestion of counsel we will , mot discuss whether plaintiffs may recover on the bond the amount of their disbursements in defending the attachment suit, $13.
For the errors pointed out the judgment is reversed, with costs to defendants. New trial granted.