83 Va. 35 | Va. | 1887
delivered the opinion of the court.
The claim of Hofheimer, Son & Co. is that the defendant, Tischler, is liable to them in the sum of $1,074.65 for goods sold and delivered by them to one H. Fordonski, between May 7th, 1878, and March 17th, 1883, úpon thé faith of the following written order or letter of credit, to-wit:
“ Portsmouth, Va., May 9th, 1878.
“ Hoeheimer, Son & Co.:
“ Gents—Let Mr. H. Fordonski have as many shoes and. boots as he want, and I see you are getting paid for. Don’t, charge him more as goods is worth.
“ Tours,.
“E. Tischler.”
The plaintiff had a verdict, which the court refused to set aside, whereupon the defendant obtained this writ of error. The chief difficulty in cases of this kind lies, as has been often said, in determining whether general words of guaranty or credit, which apply equally to a series of similar transactions, be restricted to the first of the series of transactions, or be extended by construction so as to embrace the whole series. This difficulty, however, will often be found to be greatly lessened, if not entirely dispelled, by an examination, not alone of the language of the letter, but of the object of the credit as well. These letters of
Now, viewing the letter of credit here in the light of the evidence adduced for the plaintiff, to which, as this is a certificate of evidence, we are under the settled rule of this court confined, and having regard to the nature of the business in which Fordonski was engaged, and the apparent object of the letter, we cannot doubt that it was originally intended, and, for a short time, treated by the parties as a continuing guaranty.
Here, according to the testimony of H. Hofheimer, of the firm of Hofheimer, Son & Co., wholesale boot and shoe merchants, who had refused Fordonski credit to the extent of $100 upon the ground that he was a stranger to them; whereupon Fordonski asked if his brother-in-law, the defendant Tischler, would be satisfactory to them as surety for him. To which they replied, “ Yes.” And then it was, and not until then, that Fordonski obtained and delivered to them this letter of credit. It was under such circumstances as these that this letter was given. Tischler knew that his brother in-law, who was entirely without capital
But while the court is satisfied that this letter must be construed as a continuing guaranty, we are unanimous in the opinion, upon the evidence of the plaintiff alone, that this credit was subsequently withdrawn; that no reliance was placed upon it after 1st January, 1879, and that therefore there is no liability upon the plaintiff in error for any part of the demand asserted against him. H. Hofheimer, one of the firm of the Hofheimer, Son & Co., himself testifies that about three months after the date of the order, the defendant informed the plaintiffs that he wished to withdraw the order; and the same witness subsequently admitted that the defendant “requested the revocation and surrender of the order,” and while he does not remember the date of this request, it is perfectly clear that it must have been in the latter part of the year 1878, for it is not pretended that any such request was made after Fordonski renewed his dealings with this firm, which had ceased on the 31st of December, 1878, and yet the reply to that request was that he could have his order whenever Fordon
Under these circumstances the effort of the plaintiffs to hold the defendant liable for a liability which did not begin to accrue until May, 1879, is utterly without warrant or justification and cannot be maintained. For these reasons the court below erred in refusing to set aside the verdict of the jury and to award the defendant anew trial, and for this error the judgment must be reversed, and the case must be remanded for a new trial to be had therein.
Judgment beveesed.