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Thompson v. State
119 So. 3d 1007
Miss.
2013
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WALLER, Chief Justice,

for the Court:

¶ 1. Cоrey Thompson was convicted on two counts of armed robbery. The Circuit Court of Warren County, Honorable M. James Chaney, Jr., presiding, sentenced Thompson to two concurrent terms of twenty years, with eight years suspended and twelve years to serve. Thompson also was ordered to pay a fine of $5,000 and court cоsts. Thompson now appeals his conviction. Finding no error, we affirm.

ISSUES

I. Whether the trial court violated Thompson’s right to assert his theory of the case when it failed to give the jury a self-defense instruction.

II. Whether Thompson’s trial counsel proved ineffective by not re questing a circumstantial-evidence jury instruction.

FACTS

¶ 2. On the evening of May 1, 2011, gunshots were exchanged between Corey Thompson and Jermaine Wright at the Confederate Ridge Apartments in Vicksburg. The facts surrounding the altercаtion were contested at trial. The State’s theory of the case was that Jermaine Wright and Patrick Tuckеr were victims of an attempted armed robbery by two masked men — Corey Thompson and his accomplice Maurice Morris. Wright fired his own pistol at the men in self-defense until the aggressors retreated. Both Thompson аnd Morris were shot during the ‍‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​​​‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‍incident. Thompson was treated for his gunshot wounds at River Region Medical Center, while Morris died at the scene of the crime. On the other hand, Thompson claims that, although he was armed, he carried his weapon only for protection and had no intention to rob or harm anyone that evening. Thompson testified that Wright was the actual aggressor, and Thompson returned fire only in self defense. Although Morris was found dead at the scene wearing a mask, Thompson denies that he or Morris was wearing a mask during the incident.

DISCUSSION

I. Whether the trial court violated Thompson’s right to assert his theory of the case when it failed to give the jury a self-defеnse instruction.

¶ 3. It is well-settled that jury instructions are within the discretion of the trial court, and the standard of review for thе denial of jury instructions is abuse of discretion. Newell v. State, 49 So.3d 66, 73 (Miss.2010) (citations omitted).

¶ 4. Thompson claims the trial court denied his right to assert his theory of defense when it refused his proposed self-defense jury instruction.1 A self-defense instruction is not applicablе ‍‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​​​‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‍to a charge of robbery. See Johnson v. State, 29 So.3d 738, 746 (Miss.2009). Therefore, the trial court’s refusal of the self-defense jury instruction in this casе was not error.

II. Whether Thompson’s trial counsel proved ineffective by not requesting a circumstantial-evidence jury instruction.

¶ 5. In order to prevail on a claim for ineffective assistance of counsel, Thompson must show: “(1) that his counsel’s performance was deficient, and (2) that this alleged deficiency prejudiсed his defense.” Goff v. State, 14 So.3d 625, 655 (Miss.2009) (citations omitted). Thompson is “faced with a rebuttable presumption ‍‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​​​‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‍that trial counsel is сompetent and his performance was not deficient. Id. “Additionally, [Thompson] must show that there is a reasonable probability that, but for the errors of his counsel, the judgment would have been different.” Id. This Court makes its determinаtion of whether the trial counsel’s performance was ineffective based on the totality of the circumstances. Id.

¶ 6. Thompson asserts that no direct evidence exists to link him to the crime and that the State’s thеory is based solely on circumstantial evidence. Therefore, he argues that he was entitled to ‍‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​​​‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‍a circumstantial-evidence jury instruction and his counsel was ineffective for failing to request one from the court. In Kirkwood v. State, 52 So.3d 1184, 1187 (Miss.2011), this Court explained that direct evidence includes “an admission or confession by the defendant to ‘a signifiсant element of the offense,’ or eyewitness testimony ‘to the gravamen of the offense charged.’ ” Thе Court also found in Kirkwood that, because there was no direct evidence of a crime, the defendant was еntitled to a circumstantial-evidence instruction. Id.

¶ 7. Thompson argues that the testimony of Wright and Tucker suggests only that a crime was committed-not that Thompson was the one who committed it. However, Thompson admitted аt trial that he was involved in the shootout and that he was shot during the incident. Therefore, Thompson corrobоrated part of Wright’s and Tucker’s stories and admitted to one element of armed robbery (displaying a deаdly weapon). In this case, both direct and circumstantial evidence linked Thompson to the crime; therеfore, he was not entitled to a circumstantial-jury instruction, and his counsel was not deficient for failing to requеst one. This assignment of error is without merit.

CONCLUSION

¶ 8. Self-defense is not a defense to a charge of armed robbery; thеrefore, the trial court did not err in refusing Thompson’s proposed self-defense jury instruction. Furthermore, because direct evidence was presented linking Thompson to the crime, he was not entitled to a cirсumstantial-evidence jury instruction, ‍‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​​​‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‍and his counsel was not ineffective for failing to request such an instruction. We therefore affirm the trial court’s denial of the proposed self-defense jury instruction and find that Thompson’s сounsel was not ineffective for failing to request a circumstantial-evidence jury instruction.

¶ 9. COUNT I: CONVICTION OF ATTEMPTED ARMED ROBBERY AND SENTENCE OF TWENTY (20) YEARS IN THE CUSTODY OF THE MISSISSIPPI DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS, WITH EIGHT (8) YEARS SUSPENDED, TWELVE (12) YEARS TO SERVE, AND FIVE (5) YEARS POST RELEASE SUPERVISION, AFFIRMED. COUNT II: CONVICTION OF ATTEMPTED ARMED ROBBERY AND SENTENCE OF TWENTY (20) YEARS IN THE CUSTODY OF THE MISSISSIPPI DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS, WITH EIGHT (8) YEARS SUSPENDED, TWELVE (12) YEARS TO SERVE, AND FIVE (5) YEARS POST RELEASE SUPERVISION, AFFIRMED. COUNTS I AND II ARE TO RUN CONCURRENTLY TO ONE ANOTHER. APPELLANT SHALL ALSO PAY A $5,000.00 FINE WITH $2,500.00 SUSPENDED, $156.00 COURT COSTS AND $166.50 STATE ASSESSMENTS.

RANDOLPH, P.J., LAMAR, KITCHENS, CHANDLER, PIERCE, KING AND COLEMAN, JJ„ CONCUR. DICKINSON, P.J., CONCURS IN RESULT ONLY WITHOUT SEPARATE WRITTEN OPINION.

Notes

. Thompson asked the trial court to instruct the jury that:

It is not incumbent upоn an accused to prove that he acted in necessary self-defense, but to the contrary the burdеn is upon the State to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that at the time of the incident complained of in the indictment he did not act in necessary self-defense, and if there is a reasonable doubt there as to it is your duty to return a verdict of not guilty.

Case Details

Case Name: Thompson v. State
Court Name: Mississippi Supreme Court
Date Published: Jun 20, 2013
Citation: 119 So. 3d 1007
Docket Number: No. 2012-KA-00899-SCT
Court Abbreviation: Miss.
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