67 P. 456 | Kan. | 1902
The opinion of the court was delivered by
This was an action by the defendant in error as plaintiff below against the plaintiff in error as defendant below to recover damages occasioned by the speaking by him of certain false and slanderous language concerning the plaintiff. The petition contained four causes of action. In the first
We think the court erred in this. If the conversations upon which the first and third causes of action; were based were both parts of one and the same con-| versation, they afforded but one cause of action. It would appear from the fact that these were alleged to have taken place at the same time, in the same; place and in the presence of the same person, and! that they stated parts of but one and the same con-^ versation; yet as this did not certainly appear, de-'
It is well settled that “when there are different sets of words, spoken at a particular time, although they charge distinct offenses, there will be but one cause of action.” (Maxwell, Code Pl. 352.)
And that “a count of a petition in an action for slander, which sets out the entire conversation in Avhich the slander was spoken, contains only one-cause of action, although the conversation consists of several parts, each of which is actionable.” (Estee, Pl. [3d ed.] §1717.)
So that if the words spoken as alleged in the first and third causes of action were in fact spoken in -the same conversation, as from the allegations in these causes of action they reasonably appear to have been, there was but one cause of action in reality, and the defendant was entitled to know exactly the fact relative to this matter, for he could not be called upon to answer two causes of action where but one existed. The same is true of the second and fourth causes of action,
This case affords ample illustration of the correctness of this rule, for upon the introduction of evidence it clearly appeared that the actionable words counted upon in the first and third causes of action really did constitute but one conversation, hence one cause of action ; so also with regard to the second and fourth causes of action. Further to illustrate the correctness of the rule, it may be noted that the court in its instructions to the jury in this case permitted it to find the defendant guilty upon any one of the four causes of action submitted to it, and hence put the defendant upon trial for and punished him in four causes of ac
There are several other errors alleged by plaintiff' in error, and we think some of them at least are well taken, but it is probable that in a retrial of the case they will not be repeated ; hence we do not deem it necessary to comment upon them.
The judgment of the court below will be reversed and the case remanded for further proceedings in accordance with this opinion.