108 Ind. 576 | Ind. | 1886
Ambrose E. Thomas, in a formal complaint for partition, wherein the appellees were named as defendants, alleged that he was the owner in fee, as tenant in common, of an undivided one-eighth of certain real estate described, which jre prayed might be partitioned according to the interests of the several tenants, as such interests were specifically alleged.
The appellees answered that the land described had been owned in fee by Andrew Thomas, deceased, who departed this life testate, in the year 1878, leaving as his heirs a widow •and ■ eight children. The appellant and the appellees were
“First. I give and bequeath to my beloved wife, Lucinda K. Thomas, in lieu of her interest in my lands, all of my lands ” (describing them), “ embracing in all two hundred and fifty-one acres, more or less, which I consider to constitute ■my home place upon which I now live, to hold during her natural life. I also give to my wife one-third of all the personal property that I may own at the time of my decease, and also in addition three hundred dollars in money.
“8eeond. It is my will that all the rest of my personal property be sold and the proceeds divided among my lawful heirs equally, except my son, Ambrose E. Thomas, to him I will twenty-five dollars only of my real and personal property, in addition to the amount I have already advanced him.”
Apart from the foregoing, the will contained nothing in The nature of a disposition of the testator’s property.
The answer set up that the testament had been duly admitted to probate, that the widow had elected to take the provisions therein made for her, and that the plaintiff had received and receipted for the bequest of twenty-five dollars, which fact had been duly reported in the account of the executor, who had fully settled the estate according to the provisions of the will, and wlio, it was alleged, had been discharged.
A demurrer was overruled to this answer, and the plaintiff electing to stand by the demurrer, judgment was given that he take nothing by his suit. The propriety of this ruling depends upon the construction of the .provisions of the will above set out.
As will be seen, the only disposition which the testator made of or concerning his real estate, was to devise an estate for life in the land in controversy to his widow.
In respect to the remainder in fee, he died intestate. In •so far as the real estate was not disposed of by the will of
The mere fact that a will was made did not interrupt the statute regulating descents, unless by force of the testament a disposition was made of the whole estate different from that-provided by law, in case of intestacy. Armstrong v. Berreman, 13 Ind. 422; Rusing v. Rusing, 25 Ind. 63; Lindsay v. Lindsay, 47 Ind. 283; Dale v. Bartley, 58 Ind. 101; Parks v. Kimes, 100 Ind. 148.
Conceding to some extent at least the force and application of the rule stated, counsel argue in support of the ruling below, that the second clause of the will manifests an intention of the testator to dispose of the remainder of the real estate-to his heirs, excluding the appellant Ambrose.
Whatever may have been his intention in regard to the exclusion of his son Ambrose E., the fact remains, that there is not one word in the will looking to a disposition of the-reversion, after carving out of it a life-estate for his widow.
The controlling fact is, not the emphasis with which he may have declared his purpose to exclude the appellant, but that he wholly failed to devise the estate so as to vest the remainder in fee in any one, thus leaving it to be controlled by the canons of descent.
The case is in no way distinguishable in principle from McIntire v. Cross, 3 Ind. 444.
We agree that the intention of the testator is to be ascertained and carried into effect, in the construction of every will, but this intention is to be collected from what is contained. in the instrument. The rule is not to be carried to the extent of importing bodily into the testament a disposition of an estate, concerning which the instrument itself is entirely silent.
It is insisted that because the appellant received the legacy bequeathed to him in the second clause of the will, he thereby became estopped to assert his right as heir.
The principle invoked is not applicable here. A benefi
What the appellant’s rights may be in the end, in view of the advancements referred to in the will, is not now before us.
The court erred in overruling the demurrer to the answer.
Judgment reversed, with costs.
