THE STATE OF LOUISIANA VERSUS STEVEN R TATE AKA “BUBBA”
NO. 22-KA-570
FIFTH CIRCUIT COURT OF APPEAL STATE OF LOUISIANA
June 21, 2023
FREDERICKA HOMBERG WICKER JUDGE
ON APPEAL FROM THE TWENTY-FOURTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT PARISH OF JEFFERSON, STATE OF LOUISIANA NO. 16-7077, DIVISION “D” HONORABLE SCOTT U. SCHLEGEL, JUDGE PRESIDING. Panel composed of Judges Susan M. Chehardy, Fredericka Homberg Wicker, and John J. Molaison, Jr.
CONVICTION AND SENTENCE AFFIRMED; REMANDED WITH INSTRUCTIONS
FHW
SMC
JJM
Honorable Paul D. Connick, Jr.
Thomas J. Butler
Monique D. Nolan
Joshua K. Vanderhooft
Brittany Beckner
COUNSEL FOR DEFENDANT/APPELLANT, STEVEN R. TATE, JR.
Prentice L. White
Defendant Steven R. Tate, Jr. a/k/a “Bubba,” (“Mr. Tate“), seeks appellate review of his conviction and sentence, claiming the evidence is insufficient to support his conviction of second degree murder and that the trial court erred in admitting evidence of other crimes. On appellate review, we find the evidence is sufficient to support Mr. Tate‘s conviction for second degree murder and find no error in the trial court‘s admission of other crimes evidence. Nevertheless, we find the record reveals errors patent, one of which requires remand to the trial court to correct an error appearing in the sentencing minute entry and the uniform commitment order (“UCO“). Therefore, for the following reasons, we affirm Mr. Tate‘s conviction and sentence and remand the matter for the limited purpose of correcting the sentencing minute entry and commitment order as set forth in this opinion.
PROCEDURAL HISTORY AND FACTUAL BACKGROUND
On March 30, 2017, a grand jury returned an indictment charging Mr. Tate with the second degree murder of Ethan Allen, in violation of
On November 29, 2016, Mr. Tate and his childhood friend L.L. were together at L.L.‘s grandmother‘s house playing video games. L.L.‘s grandmother and his two teenage-sisters, A.L. and T.L., were also present in the home that day. Mr. Tate considered L.L. and his younger sisters like family. While playing video games, a decision was made to purchase marijuana from Ethan Allen (“Mr. Allen“), a local
When Mr. Allen arrived at the agreed upon location, Mr. Tate and L.L. approached Mr. Allen‘s vehicle. Mr. Tate testified that he did not contact Mr. Allen about the purchase of marijuana. Mr. Tate explained that it was not his intent to purchase drugs from Mr. Allen, but instead to talk to Mr. Allen about the “relationship” Mr. Allen had with L.L.‘s younger sister, A.L. Mr. Tate testified that he did not know Mr. Allen but knew that he was an adult and that Mr. Allen was “messing with [A.L.],” whom Mr. Tate stated was 14 or 15 at the time. Mr. Tate testified that he was told that Mr. Allen was coming over to bring A.L. money. Mr. Tate stated that although A.L. was secretive about the transaction, T.L. told him about it. Mr. Tate testified that he was curious to meet Mr. Allen and that he “wanted to him know how old [A.L.] was and see who he was.” Mr. Tate told T.L. to let Mr. Allen know that he (Mr. Tate) would come out to Mr. Allen‘s car to get the money for A.L. Mr. Allen then called Mr. Tate directly. Mr. Tate explained that he told Mr. Allen to go to the address across the street from A.L.‘s house because it was the address that T.L. had previously given to Mr. Allen.
Mr. Tate testified that when Mr. Allen arrived, he (Mr. Tate) was already outside with L.L., waiting on someone to pick him up. Mr. Tate admitted that at that time, he was armed with a .45 caliber Springfield Armory gun in his waistband and that L.L. also had a gun. Mr. Tate explained that when Mr. Allen pulled up to the curb, he walked to Mr. Allen‘s car, opened the passenger door, and stood in the doorway.
Mr. Tate testified that he then told Mr. Allen, “[D]on‘t put up on her no more [sic] and she don‘t need no [sic] money from you.” According to Mr. Tate, Mr. Allen replied, “What, you gonna [sic] stop me” and pulled out a gun and placed it in his lap, facing towards Mr. Tate. Mr. Tate told the jury that he then began backing up and reaching for his own gun. Mr. Tate testified that Mr. Allen fired two shots, and Mr. Tate realized that he had been shot and began returning fire. Mr. Tate testified that he fired two shots and then he was shot again. Mr. Tate testified that he was shot six times and that it felt like Mr. Allen was trying to kill him. Mr. Tate stated that he then ran under the carport and threw his gun in the grass. He then told L.L. to call the police and an ambulance before passing out.
Mr. Tate denied setting Mr. Allen up for a robbery and stated there was no drug transaction. Mr. Tate admitted that he shot and killed Mr. Allen, but said he did so in self-defense.
Kremly Marrero testified at trial that on November 29, 2016, he lived at 803 Gulf Drive. At around 6:00 or 6:30 p.m., he and his wife heard gunshots. He described it as two shots followed by a slight pause and then an array of shots. Mr. Marrero testified that he walked outside at the same time as his neighbor, who lived at 801 Gulf Drive. Mr. Marrero testified that he saw a vehicle “coasting” down towards the end of the street. Mr. Marrero stated that he saw Mr. Tate under the carport where L.L. and his grandmother lived. L.L. was screaming hysterically, and
Debra Lowry testified that she is the grandmother of L.L., A.L., and T.L. She described Mr. Tate as her grandson L.L.‘s friend. She said that Mr. Tate was like a brother to L.L. and his two sisters. On November 29, 2016, Ms. Lowry was inside her house at 812 Gulf Drive with A.L. and T.L. when a shooting occurred. Mrs. Lowry testified that she heard what she believed to be firecrackers. Then L.L. ran inside the house, and Mrs. Lowry went outside where she found Mr. Tate, lying on her front porch bleeding. Mrs. Lowry testified that she “tried to call 911, but [she] was really nervous.” She stated that she believed she called 911 and when she realized that the police were on their way, she told her granddaughters to dispose of their marijuana. Thereafter, Mrs. Lowry accompanied L.L. to the police bureau where he provided a statement. While at the police bureau, L.L. used his grandmother‘s phone to text his sister T.L., and as a result, Mrs. Lowry‘s phone was taken. Mrs. Lowry confirmed that her grandson L.L. was arrested for the shooting and was ultimately convicted.
The State also called as witnesses several investigating officers with the Gretna Police Department involved in this case as well as several expert witnesses. Officer Corey Boudreaux testified that he was dispatched to the scene. Upon arrival, he came upon a man in the street waving his arms, who told him that a man, later identified as Mr. Allen, had been shot and was located in a vehicle. The officer stopped and observed Mr. Allen, who had a bundle of money and a cell phone in his lap and who was gasping for breath. Officer Boudreaux removed Mr. Allen from the vehicle and began performing CPR until EMS arrived. Mr. Allen, however, died on the scene. Testimony elicited at trial established that Mr. Allen had been shot in his side, and that the shot had gone through multiple organs.
Officer Kevin Fernandez, a crime scene technician with the Gretna Police Department, testified that Mr. Allen‘s vehicle was processed and described the projectile damage inside the car. He testified that the vehicle had a hole from a projectile in the front passenger door as well as holes from projectiles on the roof of the vehicle. Two bullet holes were found in the rain guard, which the officer explained is the plastic shield that goes over the car window. Officer Fernandez stated there was also damage to the interior car door from another projectile.
Officer Damond Bartlett responded to the scene at 812 Gulf Drive. Upon his arrival, he observed several people in front of the residence screaming that someone had been shot. He was directed to the carport, where he observed Mr. Tate lying on the ground suffering from multiple gunshot wounds to the torso. He located shell casing projectiles in front of the residence and observed shattered glass on the street. EMS arrived, and Mr. Tate was transported to the hospital. Officer Bartlett testified that he did not find marijuana or drug paraphernalia while canvasing the scene.
Officer Fernandez also testified that he photographed the scene at 812 Gulf Drive. At trial, he identified several photographs of the scene, including pictures of the home: the carport and the rear exterior of the residence, as well as the interior of the home. He testified that a loaded 9 millimeter caliber Sig Sauer pistol was recovered from the top of a shed. A .45 caliber Springfield Armory pistol was recovered in the backyard. Both firearms were seized.
A search warrant for Mr. Allen‘s vehicle was obtained and an iPhone was seized from the vehicle. Officer Ashton Gibbs testified that the data retrieved from the iPhone evidenced a series of text messages and phone calls to and from two particular numbers directing Mr. Allen to Gulf Drive. One of those numbers was associated with Mr. Tate, and the other number was associated with A.L. Officer Gibbs testified that the nature of the text messages indicated that a drug deal was being set up.
Lieutenant Brandon Leblanc, formerly with the Gretna Police Department, testified that he was involved in the investigation of the November 29, 2016 homicide, during which he reviewed phone records. On November 29, 2016, between 5:30 p.m. and 5:58 p.m., four calls were placed between Mr. Allen and Mr. Tate. Lieutenant Leblanc also testified that L.L. and A.L. were involved in getting Mr. Allen to the scene that evening. Lieutenant Leblanc stated that there were text messages pertaining to L.L. robbing Mr. Allen; however, there was nothing from Mr. Tate‘s phone related to robbing Mr. Allen. Lieutenant Leblanc further testified that Mr. Allen, who was 22, and A.L., who was 15, had an ongoing relationship which involved A.L.‘s purchasing of marijuana from Mr. Allen.
Lieutenant Solomon Burke, an expert in mobile device forensics, performed data extractions on the mobile devices connected to the investigation. Lieutenant Burke indicated that no texts between A.L. and Mr. Allen contained the word “sex” and that only two texts contained the word “baby.” Lieutenant Burke‘s testimony corroborated Lieutenant Leblanc‘s testimony regarding the exchange of phone calls between Mr. Allen‘s phone and Mr. Tate‘s phone, indicating that there were two
Dr. Dana Troxclair, a forensic pathologist, with the Jefferson Parish Coroner‘s Office, conducted an autopsy of Mr. Allen. She testified that she found a gunshot wound to the back of Mr. Allen‘s armpit and an exit wound to his left upper back. Dr. Troxclair testified that the entry wound was consistent with Mr. Allen‘s arm not being fully stretched out. Dr. Troxclair testified that Mr. Allen bled out as a result of the gunshot wound.
Linda Tran, an expert in firearms and tool mark examination, issued a scientific analysis report in this case. She testified that she examined a Springfield Armory pistol and determined that two .45 caliber cartridges had been fired from that gun. Additionally, eight cartridge casings and a copper jacketed projectile were determined to have been fired from a .40 caliber Smith and Wesson pistol.
Dr. Tim Scanlan, a crime scene reconstructionist, testified that three .45 caliber fired cartridge casings were recovered, which matched a .45 caliber Springfield weapon. Dr. Scanlan testified that he was present when Mr. Allen‘s vehicle was processed and analyzed pursuant to a search warrant. He stated that two projectiles and seven casings were recovered from the interior of Mr. Allen‘s vehicle, and one casing was recovered outside the vehicle under Mr. Allen‘s body. Dr. Scanlan testified that on inspection, Mr. Allen‘s vehicle had five bullet holes and one bullet strike mark. He explained that based on the holes and markings, he was able to determine that one of the bullet holes that went through the car door evidenced that the door was open at the time the shot was fired. Additionally, Dr. Scanlan testified that he determined that two bullet holes found in the ceiling showed
Dr. Scanlan testified that the ballistic evidence was consistent with an individual standing outside Mr. Allen‘s vehicle and firing into the open door. He described the evidence as consistent with “focused fire” and showed a stationary shooter. By comparison, Dr. Scanlan testified that the weapon fired by the driver of the vehicle was “sporadic unfocused fire” as evidenced by the strike mark, the broken window, bullet holes in the rain guard, and bullet holes in the ceiling. He agreed that the evidence was consistent with the shooter of the .45 caliber Springfield Armory shooting two focused shots into the vehicle, and then Mr. Allen returning fire in a “sporadic fashion.” He further indicated that it “makes sense” for a wounded Mr. Allen to drop the .40 caliber Smith and Wesson on the rear floorboard. He testified that the trajectory put the “shooter [outside the vehicle],” close to the vehicle or a couple feet away.
The State also presented the following other crimes evidence at trial. In April 2015, Detective Jean Lincoln and Sergeant Justin Remes with the Jefferson Parish
Sergeant Remes explained that the victim sustained a gunshot wound to the leg while inside his vehicle. The victim was transported to the hospital prior to Detective Lincoln‘s arrival. Upon Detective Lincoln‘s arrival on the scene, he observed a bloody passenger seat with three bullet holes in it. Two bullet casings were found inside the vehicle, and one was found outside the vehicle. Marijuana with blood on it was also located inside the vehicle.
The victim identified the suspect from a photographic lineup. An arrest warrant for Mr. Tate for attempted armed robbery and shooting was obtained, and Mr. Tate was subsequently arrested. While initially the victim had been cooperative with the investigation, after his cell phone was held for processing, the victim became uncooperative. Detective Lincoln agreed that it is very common for “victims of drug rips” to be uncooperative. The case surrounding the April 2015 incident was ultimately dismissed due to the victim‘s refusal to cooperate in the prosecution of the matter. At trial, Mr. Tate acknowledged that he had been arrested and charged with attempted robbery in 2015 and that the case had been dismissed. Mr. Tate denied knowing anyone named “Rogelio or Roger Polledo” or being involved in an attempted robbery involving a shooting in Belle Meade in 2015. Mr. Tate further testified that he was prepared to go to trial in that case and prove his innocence.
At the conclusion of trial on August 10, 2022, the twelve-person jury unanimously found Mr. Tate guilty of second degree murder and not guilty of conspiracy to commit armed robbery. On August 23, 2022, Mr. Tate filed a motion for new trial and a motion for post-verdict judgment of acquittal. The trial court denied the motions following a hearing on August 29, 2022. The trial court then sentenced Mr. Tate to life imprisonment at hard labor without the benefit of parole,
DISCUSSION
In his first assignment of error, Mr. Tate argues that the State failed to present sufficient evidence to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the killing of Mr. Allen was not in self-defense. In reviewing the sufficiency of the evidence, an appellate court must determine whether, after viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution, any rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt. Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319, 99 S.Ct. 2781, 2789, 61 L.Ed.2d 560, 573 (1979); State v. Lane, 20-181 (La. App. 5 Cir. 1/27/21), 310 So.3d 794, 804. The appellate court must defer to the actual trier of fact‘s rational credibility calls, evidence weighing, and inference drawing. State v. Clifton, 17-538 (La. App. 5 Cir. 5/23/18), 248 So.3d 691, 702. Under the Jackson standard, a review of the record for sufficiency of the evidence does not require this Court to determine whether the evidence at the trial established guilt beyond a reasonable doubt but whether, upon review of the whole record, any rational trier of fact would have found guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. State v. McKinney, 20-19 (La. App. 5 Cir. 11/4/20), 304 So.3d 1097, 1103. Additionally, the resolution of conflicting testimony rests solely with the trier of fact, who may accept or reject, in whole or in part, the testimony of any witness. State v. Burnham, 16-468 (La. App. 5 Cir. 2/8/17), 213 So.3d 470, 474, writ denied, 17-664 (La. 4/6/18), 240 So.3d 184. Thus, in the absence of internal contradiction or irreconcilable conflicts with physical evidence, the testimony of one witness, if believed by the trier of fact, is sufficient to support a conviction. McKinney, 304 So.3d at 1103.
Furthermore, evidence may be either direct or circumstantial. Circumstantial
In this case, Mr. Tate was convicted of the second degree murder of Mr. Allen, in violation of
(A)( 1) When the offender has a specific intent to kill or inflict great bodily harm; or
(2) When the offender is engaged in the perpetration or attempted perpetration of an armed robbery, even though he has no intent to kill or to inflict great bodily harm.
Mr. Tate does not challenge the statutory elements of the charged crime or his
The person who is the aggressor or who brings on a difficulty cannot claim self-defense unless he withdraws from the conflict in good faith and in such a manner that his adversary knows or should know his desire to withdraw and discontinue the conflict.
Factors to consider in determining whether a defendant had a reasonable belief that the killing was necessary include the excitement and confusion of the situation, the possibility of using force or violence short of killing, and the defendant‘s
Here, evidence presented at trial established that on November 29, 2016, Mr. Tate was in communication with Mr. Allen, and plans were made for Mr. Allen to go to 805 Gulf Drive, the address Mr. Tate had provided Mr. Allen. That evening, when Mr. Allen arrived at 805 Gulf Drive, Mr. Tate testified that he was already outside and admitted that he was carrying a .45 caliber Springfield Armory pistol in his waistband. Mr. Tate testified that he had no intention of using the gun he had on his person and that he simply wanted to talk to Mr. Allen about his relationship with A.L. Mr. Tate stated that the conversation between he and Mr. Allen grew heated after he confronted Mr. Allen about the nature of his relationship with A.L. Mr. Tate testified that Mr. Allen questioned what Mr. Tate intended to do about it and placed his gun in his lap. At that point, Mr. Tate stated that he began to back away. Mr. Tate testified that Mr. Allen fired his gun first, and then he returned fire out of fear that he would be killed. In this case, there was no evidence other than Mr. Tate‘s own testimony to support his claim of self-defense.3
The testimony and ballistic evidence the State presented in this case supports a finding that Mr. Tate fired at Mr. Allen first, who then returned erratic fire. This finding is further supported by the testimony of forensic pathologist Dr. Troxclair, who performed the autopsy of Mr. Allen. Dr. Troxclair testified that Mr. Allen suffered a gunshot wound to the back of his armpit and an exit wound to the left upper back, causing damage to multiple organs. Dr. Troxclair indicated that Mr. Allen bled to death as a result of the gunshot wound. He further opined that the entry wound was consistent with Mr. Allen‘s arm not being fully extended. Dr. Troxclair explained that Mr. Allen‘s skin was folded over at the site of the entry wound, which was indicative of the fact that Mr. Allen‘s arm was down when he was shot.
Evidence also established that Mr. Allen fired his .40 caliber Smith and Wesson gun from inside his vehicle. Eight cartridges and a copper-jacketed projectile were fired from the .40 caliber Smith and Wesson pistol. A projectile that
The jury in this case was presented with conflicting versions of events surrounding the November 29, 2016 shooting. Despite Mr. Tate‘s testimony that he acted in self-defense, the evidence presented in this case demonstrates that the jury was faced with making a credibility determination, and concluded that Mr. Tate‘s testimony lacked credibility. The testimony and evidence demonstrated that Mr. Tate shot Mr. Allen while he was sitting in his vehicle with his right arm down, which conflicts with Mr. Tate‘s assertion that he believed his life was in imminent danger and that deadly forced was necessary when he shot and killed Mr. Allen. Based on the record and the evidence presented in this case, a rational jury could find that the State proved beyond a reasonable doubt that Mr. Tate did not act in self-defense. Therefore, we find no merit to this assignment of error.
OTHER CRIMES EVIDENCE
In his second assignment of error, Mr. Tate contends that the trial court improperly allowed the State to present at trial other crimes evidence pursuant to
“The fundamental rule in Louisiana governing the use of evidence of other crimes, wrongs, or acts is that such evidence is not admissible to prove that the accused committed the charged crime because he has committed other such crimes in the past.” State v. Williams, 09-48 (La. App. 5 Cir. 10/27/09), 28 So. 3d 357, 363,
“Logically, it falls to the trial court in its gatekeeping function to determine the independent relevancy of such evidence and balance its probative value against its prejudicial effect.” State v. Garcia, 2009-1578 (La. 11/16/12), 108 So.3d 1, 39. Consequently, this Court will not disturb the trial court‘s ruling on the admissibility of other crimes evidence absent an abuse of discretion. Id. at 55. Furthermore, “the
The State filed under seal its notice to use other crimes evidence pursuant to
Opposing the admission of the April 2015 incident, defense counsel argued that the incidents were factually dissimilar and that there were no facts to suggest that the instant case involving Mr. Allen was an intended “drug deal gone bad.” Additionally, defense counsel posited that because the 2015 matter was dismissed, there was no corroborating evidence to support the inference that Mr. Tate was the assailant in the April 2015 incident.
The trial court found the April 2015 incident admissible at trial. The trial
The defendant bears the burden of showing that he was prejudiced by the admission of the other crimes evidence. State v. Garcie, 17-609 (La. App. 5 Cir. 4/11/18), 242 So.3d 1279, 1285.
As evidenced by the hearing, the State sought to introduce evidence of Mr. Tate‘s arrest and involvement in the April 2015 incident, arguing that it was relevant to show Mr. Tate‘s motive, intent, system, absence of mistake, and in particular to rebut Mr. Tate‘s self-defense claim. Mr. Tate‘s 2015 arrest for attempted armed robbery and aggravated battery of the victim, who he allegedly lured to a spot for a drug transaction and then tried to rob, has many similarities to the instant offense. The State presented evidence that Mr. Tate lured Mr. Allen to 805 Gulf Drive under the pretext of a drug deal. Mr. Allen was ultimately shot and found inside his vehicle with a bundle of money in his lap. Based on the foregoing, we cannot say that the trial court abused its discretion in allowing the admission of evidence relating to the April 2015 incident and arrest of Mr. Tate for attempted armed robbery and aggravated battery.
Even if this Court were to find that the other crimes evidence was improperly admitted, which we do not, the error is harmless. As previously discussed, Mr. Tate testified that he shot Mr. Allen, who died as a result. While Mr. Tate asserted that the shooting was in self-defense, the jury found otherwise. The evidence indicates that Mr. Tate texted Mr. Allen where to meet him, and Mr. Tate approached Mr.
ERRORS PATENT
Finally, this Court routinely, reviews the record for errors patent in accordance with
Additionally, the sentencing minute entry and transcript demonstrate that the
DECREE
Based on the foregoing reasons, we find the evidence sufficient to support Mr. Tate‘s conviction and life sentence for the second degree murder of Ethan Allen, and find no error in the trial court‘s admission of evidence pursuant to
CONVICTION AND SENTENCE AFFIRMED; REMANDED WITH INSTRUCTIONS
THE STATE OF LOUISIANA VERSUS STEVEN R TATE AKA “BUBBA”
NO. 22-KA-570
FIFTH CIRCUIT COURT OF APPEAL STATE OF LOUISIANA
SUSAN M. CHEHARDY CHIEF JUDGE; FREDERICKA H. WICKER, JUDE G. GRAVOIS, MARC E. JOHNSON, ROBERT A. CHAISSON, STEPHEN J. WINDHORST, JOHN J. MOLAISON, JR., CORNELIUS E. REGAN, PRO TEM, JUDGES
CURTIS B. PURSELL CLERK OF COURT; SUSAN S. BUCHHOLZ CHIEF DEPUTY CLERK; LINDA M. WISEMAN FIRST DEPUTY CLERK; MELISSA C. LEDET DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL STAFF; (504) 376-1400, (504) 376-1498 FAX. 101 DERBIGNY STREET (70053) POST OFFICE BOX 489 GRETNA, LOUISIANA 70054 www.fifthcircuit.org
NOTICE OF JUDGMENT AND CERTIFICATE OF DELIVERY
I CERTIFY THAT A COPY OF THE OPINION IN THE BELOW-NUMBERED MATTER HAS BEEN DELIVERED IN ACCORDANCE WITH UNIFORM RULES - COURT OF APPEAL, RULE 2-16.4 AND 2-16.5 THIS DAY JUNE 21, 2023 TO THE TRIAL JUDGE, CLERK OF COURT, COUNSEL OF RECORD AND ALL PARTIES NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL, AS LISTED BELOW:
CURTIS B. PURSELL CLERK OF COURT
22-KA-570
E-NOTIFIED
24TH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT (CLERK)
HON. SCOTT U. SCHLEGEL (DISTRICT JUDGE)
DARREN A. ALLEMAND (APPELLEE) MONIQUE D. NOLAN (APPELLEE) THOMAS J. BUTLER (APPELLEE)
MAILED
HONORABLE PAUL D. CONNICK, JR. (APPELLEE)
DISTRICT ATTORNEY
JOSHUA K. VANDERHOOFT (APPELLEE)
BRITTANY BECKNER (APPELLEE)
ASSISTANT DISTRICT ATTORNEYS
TWENTY-FOURTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT
200 DERBIGNY STREET
GRETNA, LA 70053
PRENTICE L. WHITE (APPELLANT)
ATTORNEY AT LAW
LOUISIANA APPELLATE PROJECT
POST OFFICE BOX 74385
BATON ROUGE, LA 70874
