delivered the opinion of the court:
James Newcom and Thurman Nelson were indicted by the grand jury of Saline county for the statutory crime of willfully' and maliciously damaging, injuring and defacing, by means of an explosive, a building occupied by Frank McIIrath as his residence. Separate trials were had. Nelson wаs found guilty by a jury. His motion for a new trial was denied, judgment was rendered, and because of his age, eighteen years, he was sentenced to the Illinois State Reformatory at Pontiac. By this writ of error he seeks a review of the record.
At about four o’clock in the morning of June 15, 1924, an explosion occurred at the home of Frank McIIrath, in Dorrisville, Saline county. Glass in windows and doors of the house was broken, the porch was blown up and the building was damaged in other respects.
The evidence offered by the proseсution shows: On the evening of the 14th day of June, at about seven o’clock, M. R. Winkelman, Charles Evans, James Newcom and Thurman Nelson met in Dorrisville and drove in a Ford coupe to the home of Nelson’s grandparents, a short distance west of Harrisburg, where Nelson resided. Nelson left his companions there, drove away to call on a young woman and with her attended an ice cream supper given in the vicinity. During Nelson’s absence Winkelman, Evans and Newcom remained with Nelson’s grandparents on their front porch and pаrtook occasionally of intoxicating liquor. Nelson returned in about two hours, and after the party had another drink the four men drove to Salt Wells, about sixteen miles distant, to attend a barbecue. They arrived at midnight and remained about an hour. On their return they stopped at a blacksmith shop in Dorrisville, where Evans and Newcom left the automobile, walked to an alley adjoining Evans’ home and returned in a short time with about fifteen sticks of permissible powder. This explosive, Evans testified, had been stored in his barn about two years. Evans and Newcom returned to the car and all drove to a place known as “No Man’s Land,” on North Main street, in Harrisburg. Here Nelson and Newcom left the car and prepared fuses for the explosive. After this was done the party of four drove to a point near the home of Hubert Hawkins, in Harrisburg. Nelson and Newcom each took a bunch of the sticks of powder and proceeded up the street. Winkelman and Evans remained in the automobile and the other two returned in about five minutes. The party then drove to a school house in Dorrisville, within a block of the home of Frank Mcllrath. Again Nelson and Newcom took sticks of the explosive and walked in the direction of Mcllrath’s house while the automobile’s lamps were turned out but its motor was kept running. In a very short timе they came running around the school house, jumped in the automobile and the party returned to Nelson’s home. While on the way, when they reached a place called Liberty, New-com said, “There went one of those shots now.” They arrived at Nelson’s home at about 4:20 o’clock in the morning and after sitting on the back porch for a while they retired. Nelson asked his grandmother whether she heard the shots, and she answered that she heard two. The men had breakfast at Nelson’s home at six o’clock and then went tо Tuttle Bottoms and had another drink. They returned at seven o’clock. Winkelman asked Nelson whether he could use the car to drive home and Nelson assented. On the way Winkelman found five sticks of the powder still in the car and he threw them out, one at a time, alоng the highway. One of these sticks was recovered and offered in evidence. Winkelman returned to Nelson’s home about nine o’clock and found that Nelson had been arrested and taken to jail.
George Kerr saw two men, at a distance of about seventy-five feet, running around the school house in Dorrisville shortly before the explosion. He identified one as Newcom, and while he did not see the face of the other thought he was Nelson, judging from his bulk. Nelson and Newcom were also seen by Hugh Mcllrath with other persons at about half-past six o’clock on the morning of June 15, 1924, going toward Tuttle Bottoms. Shortly after receiving information of the explosion, R. E. Cline, a deputy sheriff, took measurements of footprints which he found on the south side of the school house where Nelson and Newcom had passed. These measurements corresponded to those of Nelson’s shoes.
A written statement made by Nelson on June 16, 1924, in answer to questions propounded to him by the State’s attorney and police officers, was offered in evidence. In this statement Nelson said that no person other than Newcom accompanied him on the night of the explosion; that New-com went to his home with him and that both retired about 2 :3o o’clock A. M.
Nelson testified in his own behalf that he, with Newcom, Evans and Winkelman, arrived at his grandfather’s house at about 2:15 A. M. on June 15, 1924; that shortly thereafter they retired and that he and Newcom remained in bed until morning. Both of his grandparents corroborated his testimony with reference to his arrival with Newcom, Evans and Winkelman at the time specified. The grandmother further testified that at about three o’clock in the morning she heard an automobile leave; that she then went to the room where Nelson slept to ascertain whether he had gone but that she found him in bed with Newcom; that she then discovered that Evans аnd Winkelman had left in Nelson’s car; that they returned later and all had breakfast at about 5 :3o A. M., and that nothing was said to her about hearing an explosion. Two witnesses testified that they saw Nelson, in company with another person, at about two o’clock on the morning in question turn into the lane leading to his grandparents’ home. Another witness saw Winkelman, and a man with whom the witness was not acquainted, drive out of the lane between 2:3o and .3:3o o’clock on the same morning.
The indictment and conviction of plaintiff in error arе based upon section 1 of “An act to punish persons for destroying property, or inflicting injury to persons, by means of any bomb, dynamite or other explosive, or by means of any similar instrument or implement,” approved June 21, 1921, (Laws of 1921, p. 401,) which provides: “Whoever shаll willfully and maliciously destroy, damage, injure or deface any building used or designed for human occupancy, or shall attempt so to do, by means of any bomb, dynamite or other explosive, or by means of any similar instrument or implement, shall be imprisoned in the penitеntiary for a period of not less than one year nor more than twenty years.” The first contention of the plaintiff in error is that the act contravenes section 13 of article 4 of the constitution, which declares that no act “shall embrace more thаn one subject, and that shall be expressed in the title,” because, it is asserted, the title restricts the act to persons who destroy property or inflict injury upon persons by certain means and does not include persons who merely damage, injure or deface property. A like attack was made upon the validity of the statute in People v. Smith,
Plaintiff in error further insists that each count of the indictment is defective. A general motion to quash the indictment, without specifying any particular wherein it was defective, was made orally in the circuit court and it was denied. The motion was therefore in the nature of a general demurrer and raised only questions concerning defects in substance. On a writ of error the trial court’s ruling in denying such a motion can be held to be error only where there are innate and substantial defects in the indictment which render it insufficient to support a judgment. (People v. Munday,
Plaintiff in error contends that the evidence is insufficient to sustain the judgment. Defendant in error, on the contrary, asserts that plaintiff in error cannot raise the question because the trial judge has not certified that the bill of exceptions contains all the evidence and it cannot be presumed that there was no other evidence. Where the bill of exceptions does not purport to contain all the evidence the verdict of the jury will not be questioned. (Ballane v. Leonаrd,
270 id. 149.) The certificate of the court reporter that the bill of exceptions contains all the evidence is not sufficient for that purpose, (Cogshall v. Beesley,
On the question of the sufficiency of the evidence to sustain the judgment, it is true that the most direct and positive evidence offered by the prosecution was the testimony of Evans and Winkelman, the two accomplices. There was, however, corroborative evidence. Newcom, Nelson’s companion, was recognized running arоund the school house near the scene of the explosion shortly before it occurred. While Nelson was not as positively identified, yet there was evidence, in addition to the testimony of the accomplices, to show that he actively partiсipated in the commission of the crime. We cannot say, on all the evidence, that the jury was not justified in returning a verdict of guilty. It is only when the court is satisfied from a consideration of the whole evidence that there is a reasonable doubt of the acсused person’s guilt that it will interfere with the verdict of the jury. Miller v. People,
Plaintiff in error also contends that his written statement of June 16, 1924, used by the prosecution to impeach him, was incompetent because (1) at the time it was made he was not represented by counsel; (2) it was obtained by duress; and (3) it was not shown that when offered in evidence it was the same as when it was signed. If the statement was otherwise voluntary, the fact that the accused person was vigorously questioned by pоlice officers in the absence of his attorney, his friends or relatives would not render the statement inadmissible. (People v. Vinci,
Complaint is mаde of certain instructions given at the request of the prosecution. The bill of exceptions contains no instructions, either given or refused. Since they are not a part of' the record no question upon any instruction is preserved for review. Greenwell v. Hess,
The judgment of the circuit court is affirmed.
Judgment affirmed.