98 F. 444 | E.D. Va. | 1899
These are two admiralty cases, heard together, in which the owners, master, and crew of the steamtug Luckenbach seek to recover salvage against the steamships Boyne and Volage for services rendered them on the 27th of April, 1897, while at the port of Viewport News, Va. The said steamships were lying in the slip, near the shore end, between piers 4 and 5 of the Chesapeake & Ohio Railway Company's wharves; the Boyne being at the time fastened with its starboard side to pier 5, and the Volage lying along its port side, and made fast to it. The two ships were large ones, — the Boyne being 285 feet in length, and 34-J feet beam; and the Volage, 336 feet in length, and 43 feet beam. The total valuation of the two ships was at the time §239,827, — the valuation of the Boyne being §60,000, and its cargo $12,000; the Volage, $130,000, and its cargo $37,826. The value of the Luckenbach was about §12,000. About 4:30 o’clock on the morning of the 27th of April, 1897, while said ships were lying at the pier, a terriüc fire broke out on the wharves of the Chesapeake & Ohio Railway Company; and piers 5 and 6, together with the shipping between said piers, with the exception of a steamship of the Old Dominion Line, which had steam up, and managed quickly to move out, were consumed by fire. The tide at the time was flood, and the wind blowing strongly from N. W. to N. to N. N. W. Pier 5, against which the Boyne was lying, was 800 feet in length, and the next pier, No. 4,' 650 feet in length, and the width of the slip between said two piers was 150 feet. At the earliest moment after the breaking out of the fire, neither of the ships having up steam at the time, they cut loose from pier 5, which was on fire, and, by working the winches of their donkey engines, warped themselves as rapidly as possible across to pier 4, and then attempted to warp out of the slip alongside of pier 4,
Libelants insist that they rendered salvage service of a highly meritorious character, and should be liberally rewarded, and urge that an award of 15 per cent., or $10,800, should be made against the Boyne, and 10 per cent., or $16,718.82, against the Yolage; and, on the other hand, respondents say that, while they are entitled to some compensation, the salvage service was of a low order of merit, and. they should only receive $250 in each case, and no costs, because of the large amount sued for.
That the libelants, under the circumstances of these causes, are entitled to salvage, cannot be seriously questioned, and, indeed, this is admitted. The services were voluntarily rendered to the ships when in great peril, and the right of recovery is clear. The Blackwall, 10 Wall. 1, 19 L. Ed. 870; The Henry Ewbank, 1 Sumn. 400, Fed. Cas. No. 6,376.
The really controverted question is the amount of the allowance, and about that, certainly as between counsel, there is great divergence of views; and the evidence is not free from the usual conflict in admiralty cases, though I have but little difficulty in arriving at the material facts in the case. Unlike such cases ordinarily, the evidence is not confined to the parties in interest, but the libelants have examined quite a number of witnesses of character and experience in such matters, who have no manner of interest in the controversy, and were eyewitnesses to all that occurred at the time of the fire. The leading considerations to be observed in determining an award for salvage service are well defined by a long line of decisions, and need not be restated here. The Blackwall, 10 Wall. 1, 14, 19 L. Ed. 870; The Sandringham (D. C.) 10 Fed. 573; The Egypt (D. C.) 17 Fed. 367; Simonton, Fed. Prac. §§ 231, 232. That the ships, at the time they were removed by the tug, were in a position of great peril, and from which they could not themselves have escaped, I think there can be no doubt upon the whole evidence. One of them had actually taken fire. The other was lashed onto it, and between two piers, only 150 feet apart, one of which was rapidly burning, and the other in the greatest possible danger of catching. Indeed, its taking fire was only prevented by the pouring of water upon it by means of its own fire appliances. But for the expeditious removal of the two ships at the moment they were taken out of the slip by the Lucken-bach, it is quite clear they would have been destroyed, and the flames, in all probability, spread from them to pier Ho. 4, and it, too, consumed. The length of time it would have taken to warp the ships
The value of the salved property is undisputed. It amounted to nearly a quarter of a million of dollars, and was salved with only inconsiderable loss. And while the value of the property employed by the salvors was not very large, in proportion to what was saved, and the danger to which it: was exposed was not: great, still there was some risk incurred, as it is quite clear from the evidence that the Luckenbach came into the piers at: least 50 feet alongside of pier No. 4. Some of the evidence tended to show that it came in much further; hut I think it fair to say it came 50 feet, and in that position ma.de fast to the two ships, and took the chances of danger from fire, and the wind blowing it down against the burning pier 5, and Hie risk of strain on its machinery in moving two ships of the size of (hese, and carrying them out to a place of safety. The time consumed, it is true, was not very great,- — not exceeding 15 or 20 minutes; hut it was all that was necessary to do the work in hand successfully, and the services were rendered at just the time to save the two ships and their cargoes.
On the question of the amount of award the authorities differ greatly, and each case depends so largely upon its own peculiar facts and circumstances that it is difficult to obtain much assistance from adjudicated decisions; but generally it may be said that compensa