162 Ky. 337 | Ky. Ct. App. | 1915
OPINION op the Court by
Affirming-.
Milo Thacker, while crossing the track of the ap-pellee railway company at a private farm crossing at a point on its track in Wayne county, West Virginia, was struck and injured by a passing train. In this suit brought in Boyd county, Kentucky, to recover damages for the injuries so sustained, the cause of action was rested on the alleged negligence of the company in failing to give the statutory signals for a public crossing a few hundred yards west of the private crossing and upon which statutory signals it was alleged persons using the private crossing depended and had a right to depend for warning of the approach of trains that crossed the public crossing before reaching the private crossing.
At the conclusion of the evidence the trial court directed a verdict for the railway company, upon the ground that, under the law of West Virginia, train signals at public crossings are not intended for the warn
In this State the rule first announced in Cahill v. Cincinnati Ry. Co., 92 Ky., 345, and consistently followed, is that persons using a private crossing, who are in the habit of depending upon signals required to be given for a nearby public crossing, are entitled to the benefit and protection of such signals, and if the company fails to give the required public crossing signals and the traveler using the nearby private crossing is injured as a result of this failure, while exercising care for his own safety, he may recover damages for the injury thus sustained. L. & N. R. R. Co. v. Bodine, 109 Ky., 509; Early’s Admr. v. Louisville, H. & St. L. Ry. Co., 115 Ky., 13; L. & N. R. R. Co. v. Engleman’s Admr., 135 Ky., 515; C. & O. Ry. Co. v. Young’s Admr., 146 Ky., 317.
But as the cause of action stated in the petition arose in the State of West Virginia, the rights of the appellant are to be determined by the laws of that State. In Collins v. Norfolk & Western Ry. Co., 152 Ky., 755, we had under consideration a case presenting a question substantially the same as the one here raised, and in that case, after stating the West Virginia rule as announced in the cases of Spicer v. C. & O. Ry. Co., 34 W. Va., 514, and Christy’s Admr. v. C. & O. Ry. Co., 35 W. Va., 117, we held that the failure of the railway company to give public crossing signals did not entitle a person injured at another point on the road to recover damages on account of such failure. Therefore, we feel obliged to hold that the ruling of the trial court was correct unless it be, as insisted by counsel for Thacker, that the West Virginia law was not sufficiently presented in the pleadings and evidence to warrant the trial court in assuming that the law of that State was as declared in the Spicer and other eases.
Where a common law action resting on common law principles is1 brought in this State to recover damages for an alleged tort committed in another State, the plaintiff may set out a sufficient cause of action under the common law as administered in this State and rely for recovery upon the law so administered and applicable
In an amended petition filed by the appellant Thacker it was averred that the private crossing at which he was injured- was —— feet west of the public county road crossing and that “said private crossing was and is near the public county road crossing; that signals from engines and trains approaching the public crossing were and are easily heard at said private crossing by persons attempting to cross same, and were relied on by persons using the private crossing as notice and warning of the approach of trains to said private crossing; that on the-occasion of plaintiff’s injury he was attempting to cross said railroad at said private crossing, going from said Staley’s farm,where he was then living,to the public county road, when the defendant, its agents and servants in charge of one of its engines and trains, negligently and carelessly ran same over said crossing without keeping a lookout for persons attempting to cross said public road and private crossing, and without giving any warning by ringing the engine bell or blowing the whistle or other notice of its approach to said crossing. * *
In answer to this pleading the company averred that “for further answer herein the defendant says that the accident and injury set up in plaintiff’s said petition occurred in Wayne county, State of West Virginia. That under the law of the State of West Virginia the defendant is not required to give warning of the.approach of
On the trial of the case the appellee, as a part of its evidence, introduced several opinions of the Supreme Court of Appeals of that State supporting the averments of its answer, and also certain statutes of West Virginia, and it was agreed by counsel that these opinions and statutes need not be set out in the record, but should be considered a part of it, and this practice was sufficient to make a part of the record and bring before this court the law of West Virginia. P. C. C. & St. L. Ry. Co. v. Austin, 141 Ky., 722; L. & N. R. R. Co. v. Smith, 135 Ky., 462; L. & N. R. R. v. Keiffer, 132 Ky., 419; Keiffer v. L. & N. R. R. Co. 143 Ky., 383; Collins v. Norfolk & Western Ry. Co., 152 Ky., 755.
We think the West Virginia law was sufficiently pleaded and proven, and, as this case is controlled by that law, the judgment is affirmed.