TENG
(2) Since, in the instant cases, the marriage between respondents’ mother and the U.S. citizen petitioner hаs been found to be a sham marriage and no actual familial relationship between the respondents (stepchildren) and the petitioner (stepfather) has ever existed, respondents, who were admitted in possession of immigrant visas issued them as the beneficiaries of approved visa petitions filed by the citizen petitioner/stepfather to accord them immediate relative classification as “stepchildren“, were not entitled to such status and are deportable under section 241(a)(1) of the Act because excludable at entry for lack of valid immigrant visas. This is true even though respondents may be innocent of any fraudulent intent, the marriage between their mother and the petitioner has not been terminated, and there is still a legal step-relationship in existence.
(3) The fact that the visa petitions on behalf of the respondents were approved at a time when the Service was investigating the validity of the marriage (apparently in connection with the mother‘s application for adjustment of stаtus) does not amount to the type of “affirmative misconduct” required to find that the Service is equitably estopped from deporting respondents.
CHARGE:
Order:
ON BEHALF OF RESPONDENTS: Norman Stiller, Esquire
995 Market Street
San Francisco, California 94103
This case is before us on certification of the immigration judge of his decision dated August 20, 1975 in which he ordered the deportation proceedings against the respondents terminated. The decision of thе immigration judge will be reversed.
The respondents, all brothers and sisters, are natives of the Philippines and citizens of China. They range in age from fifteen to twenty years old. The mother of the respondents entered the United States in
The Service alleges that the marriage between thе respondents’ mother and the citizen who petitioned on their behalf was a sham marriage entered into solely for the purpose of obtaining immigration benefits. The order to show cause charges that the respondents were not, and are not, entitled to be considered the children of a United States citizen within the meaning of
The immigration judge found that the marriage in question was in fact a sham marriage in that the partners never resided together and never intended to. He nonetheless concluded that this did not rendеr the respondents deportable. The immigration judge found that the respondents did not participate in any fraudulent scheme and in fact were unaware that the marriage was a sham.
At the hearing, the respondents disputed the allegation that the marriage between their mother and the claimed stepfather was entered into solely for the purpose of obtaining immigration benefits for either the mother or the respondents. It is not disputed that the mother presently lives in San Francisco, California and her husband resides in Seattle, Washington. However, the mother testified that for at least six months after the marriage she resided in San Francisco with her husband and that they intended to live as husband and wife. A witnеss, who with her husband owns the house in which the mother lived at the time in question, gave similar testimony.
The mother‘s husband did not appear at the hearing. However, his deposition was taken and made part of the record.1 In the course of the deposition, the husband repudiated substantial portions of earlier statements he had made. Moreover, statеments made by the husband, and which were made part of the record, show that on almost each occasion on which he was questioned, he has given inconsistent statements. Despite this apparent unreliability, he nonetheless has consistently maintained that he never lived with the respondents’ mother.
Investigations made by the Service, the reports of which were intro-
It is clear that such a relationship would not be sufficient to confer immigration benefits on the mother of the respondents. Matter of Phillis, Interim Decision #2407 (BIA July 7, 1975); Matter of Kitsalis, 11 I. & N. Dec. 613 (BIA 1966); Matter of M—, 8 I. & N. Dec. 217 (BIA 1958). Cf. Lutwak v. United States, 344 U.S. 604 (1953); Johl v. United States, 370 F.2d 174 (C.A. 9, 1966).
The record shows that the respondents did not know that their mother and her husband had entered into a sham relationship. The tеstimony of the oldest child also indicates that until the respondents arrived in the United States, they believed that their mother was in fact living with her husband. It also appears from the record that only one of the respondents has ever met their mother‘s husband. That meeting was evidently very brief. The other respondents have never met their “stepfather“. The marriage still exists in form and apparently no attempts have been made to dissolve it.
The narrow question here is whether the respondents were entitled to be considered thе stepchildren of their mother‘s husband within the meaning of
One of the primary concerns of the Immigration and Nationality Act is the preservation of the family unit. See H.R. Rep. No. 1365, 82d Cong., 2d Sess., [1954] 2 U.S. Code Cong. & Adm. News 1653, 1680. Where a marriage is terminated by divorce, а step-relationship created by that marriage is also considered terminated. Matter of Simicevic, 10 I. & N. Dec. 363 (BIA 1963). Where the marriage is terminated by death of the natural parent but there is an ongoing relationship, the step-relationship is deemed to continue. Matter of Pagnerre, 13 I. & N. Dec. 688 (BIA 1971).
In the present case, no family tie has ever existed between the respondents and their mother‘s husband, nor between the mother and the husband. We do not lightly disregard the fact that the marriage has
We do not find that the Service is equitably estopped from deporting these aliens. The visa petitions submitted on behalf of the respondents were approved at a time when the Service was investigating the validity of the marriage, apparently in connection with the mother‘s application for adjustment of status. This, however, does not amount to the type of affirmative misconduct which is required to find equitable estoppel. See Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Hibi, 414 U.S. 5 (1973); Matter of Morales, Interim Decision #2416 (BIA, July 28, 1975).
The respondents applied for voluntary departure. The immigration judge did not consider the request because of the disposition he made of the case. Accordingly, we shall remand the record for the immigration judge to consider the respondents’ application.
ORDER: The decision of the immigration judge is reversed.
Further order: The record is remanded for further proceedings.