85 S.W. 1011 | Tex. App. | 1905
Appellant instituted this suit in trespass to try title to recover from appellees, J. R. Lewis and wife, the heirs of J. C. Lewis, deceased, school sections 214, 42, 58 and 16, block 1a, H. T. C. Ry. surveys in Nolan County, Texas. A trial was had before the district judge, resulting in a finding and judgment in favor of the appellees.
The four sections of land in controversy were awarded to John C. Lewis, deceased, by the Commissioner of the General Land Office, October 8, 1898, upon applications dated August 17, 1898, and August 27, 1898, respectively. Appellant's applications, which were rejected on account of the previous sale to deceased, were made more than three years after the award to deceased. John C. Lewis, the deceased, was a minor at the time of his applications to purchase, but at the date of his death, which occurred in June, 1901, he had reached his majority, being then about twenty-one and a half years of age.
The trial court found that deceased was not an actual settler upon the section applied for as a home section at the time of making his application, but that within six months thereafter, to wit; about September 1, 1898, he did make a sufficient settlement upon the land, and that such application to purchase having been made prior to the first day of January, 1899, the statute, commonly known as the "Decker Healing Act," made valid the award to him. The finding of fact and conclusion of law are attacked and made the grounds of appellant's first and second assignments of error.
It is insisted that the curative Act of 1899 could at most affect only section 16, which was awarded to deceased as his home section; in other words, that the Act is not applicable at all to lands purchased as additional lands. The case of Spence v. Mitchell,
Upon the question of the sufficiency of the evidence to support the court's finding that the deceased made a settlement upon the land within six months from the date of his application to purchase, a majority hold that such finding is warranted by the evidence in the record. The evidence indicates that within two or three weeks after making application to purchase his home section, the deceased hauled lumber from the town of Sweetwater and erected a small house upon the land. In this he placed such furniture, cooking utensils, and provisions, as were necessary to enable him to live upon the land. Several witnesses testified to his cooking and sleeping there and making it his home. It is in evidence that shortly after building his house, being unmarried, he went to work for his father who was living in the town of Sweetwater, at $20 per month, to attend to the latter's Hereford cattle, but the father testified, and in this he was supported by the testimony of a number of others, that the deceased made a number of trips back to his settlement, where he would spend the night, upon the land. The deceased never married, and never acquired, nor attempted to acquire, any other home from the date of his application to the time of his death. Borchers v. Meade, 17 Texas Civ. App. 32[
It is also insisted that the sales to the deceased were void because of his minority. But upon this question we see no reason to depart from our conclusions in former cases. Watson v. White, 26 Texas Civ. App. 442[
To the mind of the writer there is yet another reason why appellant should not be allowed to recover in any event. Article 4218j, Sayles' Civil Statutes, provides: "All sales shall be made by the Commissioner of the General Land Office, or under his direction, and he shall prescribe suitable regulations whereby all purchasers shall be required to reside upon as a home the land purchased by them for three consecutive years next succeeding the date of their purchase, except when otherwise provided. Such regulations shall require the purchaser to reside upon the land for three consecutive years herein mentioned, and to make proper proof of such residence and occupancy to the Commissioner of the General Land Office within two years next after the expiration *394
of said three years, by his affidavit, corroborated by the affidavits of three disinterested and credible persons, to be certified by some officer authorized to administer oaths, and on making such proof the Commissioner shall issue to the purchaser, his heirs and assigns, a certificate showing that fact. . . . "It has been held that the certificate of occupancy issued under this statute is conclusive proof of settlement and occupancy as against one whose rights accrued subsequent to the issuance thereof. Logan v. Curry,
Now, it is clear upon the death of Lewis before the expiration of his three years' occupancy, the same could not be completed in any of the methods prescribed or allowed by statute. By virtue of the provisions last quoted, his heirs and legal representatives are absolved and exempt from such requirement. If in such case the three years' occupancy is not required, then proof of three years' occupancy is necessarily not required. No other form of proof, nor proof of occupancy for any other term of years, is anywhere required or authorized by statute. It follows from this that the deceased, and the appellees as his heirs and legal representatives, in the matter of settlement and occupancy, have done all that is required of them by law to entitle the latter, upon the payment of the balance of the purchase money, to the issuance of the patent. This being true, the writer is of the opinion that the sale can not be attacked by the appellant. At best, the prescribed certificate of occupancy is but a muniment of title by force of the statute authorizing its issuance. In case the purchaser dies before the completion of such occupancy no proof is required or certificate authorized, and the title of such purchaser, especially after the lapse of three years, should be held to be valid as against an attack for nonsettlement by one whose claim originated thereafter. If this is not true, then the matter would be open to such attack at least until the issuance of the patent, which might be forty years. This is unreasonable. Logan v. Curry, supra. The Legislature evidently meant that the death of a purchaser should put an end to all inquiries into his settlement and occupancy; for the reason that, since the question of settlement is so largely one of intention, it would be productive of much injustice, if not of actual fraud and perjury, to permit an attack upon it after the death of the purchaser who alone best knows the facts. The writer therefore believes, that, as the proof of occupancy followed by the certificate of that fact is made conclusive upon the question of settlement and occupancy in favor of the living purchaser, so also the death of a purchaser is made conclusive upon that question in favor of his heirs and legal representatives. *395
Upon this last feature of the case the other members of the court express no opinion.
The assignments of error are all overruled and the judgment is affirmed.
Affirmed.
Writ of error refused.