1 N.C. 95 | Sup. Ct. N.C. | 1799
I apprehend, that the cases cited for the plaintiff, are found law. The defendant is necessarily discharged of the debt, when the Sheriff has seized property to the value ; for by the act of seizure, the property is divested out of the defendant, until the debt is satisfied, and is vested in the Sheriff, who is absolutely answerable for the debt. He may bring an action as owner, against the defendant, for taking the goods, who being once discharged can never be charged by any new process : nor can the Sheriff’s liability be done away, by any writ or process issuing after the seizure.
An injunction has no such effect ; it is a writ of modern date, in comparison with the rule of law
The injunction in this state, possesses precisely the same effects and qualities, as the injunction in England ; no act of assembly having moulded it differently : I also agree to the authority of the cases cited for the plaintiff, shewing the entirety of an execution : still it seems to me that the Sheriff acted properly in re-delivering the goods.
The apothegm, that an execution is an entire thing which cannot he stopped when once begun, contains no reason in itself ; nor is it accompanied with any, in the books cited, shewing why the law is so. It is then necessary to search for the
It is better for all parties that they should be sold, and thence it is, that the law orders a sale, notwithstanding a supersedeas, or other writ of the like kind issuing at common law, without security previously given. Hence arose the quaint saying, that an execution is an entire thing, and cannot be stopped, when once begun ; but the reason of it, as I apprehend, does not apply to any case, where a security equal to the seizure is given by the defendant, before he obtains process, for a stay of the proceedings. Will it then apply to an injunction ? In England, when an injunction issues after the verdict, and before execution, the money must be deposited. Cur. Can. 447, if after execution has issued, the money and costs recovered at law, must first be paid into the Court of Equity. Cur. Can. 448. 2 Brown. Ch. 182, Ch. Ca. 447. We must not look into the old books for the properties of an injunction, the writ itself being of modern date, which like other things has been matured and sitted for the transaction it is used in by experience, and has but lately acquired perfection. When the money is deposited, it is unjust to retain the goods any longer, and it is unnecessary to the plaintiff’s security ; much more unjust would it be to proceed to a sale : hence it is deducible, that the goods are to be re-delivered.
As to the authority which says, an injunction shall stay goods in the hands of the Sheriff, it is an old one ; and the position seems to be against first principles ; for the law allows no fee to the Sheriff for such services ; the goods may perish, or incur expence in the keeping : it is far more consonant with legal principles, that they should be sold ; and if they must be sold, the injunction is a dead letter. The property of the goods is not absolutely divested out of the defendant by seizure, for if the money be paid, he shall have them again ; the same of a deposit ; and as in this country, owing to the circumstances stated by the defendant’s counsel, a bond is in some measure substituted in the place of a deposit, a security instead of satisfaction ; the effect of an injunction is in both cases the same ; but in the latter, after a dissolution, no execution de novo may issue, for the defendant is absolutely discharged by a seizure, where he is passive, and does no act to obstruct the consequences of it. But where, by his own act, and at his own instance, the goods are released, upon an obligation made by himself that he is not chargeable, it is no hardship upon him, when upon further scrutiny, it turns out that his obligation is not true, if he is subjected
Verdict for the Defendant.
Upon a rule to shew cause why a new trial should not be had, the case was transmitted to the court of conference. Vide post. 277