4 Ky. 92 | Ky. Ct. App. | 1809
Smith was complainant in the court below, against Swearin-Sen and others, who held the elder grant, under an entry adverse to that under which the complainant derived The circuit court sustained the entry of Smith and Burnley, and gave figure to the survey ; with which decree the defendants were dissatisfied, and apPea^ec* t0 this court. Two questions are made, the one as to the validity of the entry, and the other as to the figure the survey shall assume incase the entry is valid, aPPehants rely on the strength of the ,elder grant, The entry in question will be the better comprehended by reciting the first and progressive entries, in the re-pL1lar order of time and dependances, which are as fol-*°WS *
“ January 10th, 1780, John South, sen. enters 400 acres certificate, &c. lying on Johnson’s fork of Lick-big, on the south side thereof, about one and a half mile below the Sycamore forest
w January 11th, 1780, Van Swearingen, assignee, &c. enters 400 acres in Kentucky, lying on Johnson’s fork of Licking, a small distance, above the claim of John South, near a spring, where the letters V. S. are cut a tree"
“ Máy 19th, 1780, Charles Smith and Zaehariah. Burnley, enter 4000 acres, beginning on the north side °f Tan Swearingen*s pre-emption and settlement on Johnson’s creek, running northwest for quantity.”
The Sycamore forest, and Johnson's fork, were objects of general notoriety in their neighborhood, and with those acquainted with the stream, before the dates these entries, and continued to be so, long after. A trace from Boonsborough to the lower salt springs, passed through the said forest, and down the said fork. The cajj pür T0jln South’s claim, in the entry of Van Swear* ingen, is considered as good general description tojead into the neighborhood, but we do not consider it as be-*nS concerned in giving figure or precise locality to Van Swearingen. The call for a “ smalt distance above the claim of John South,” excludes the idea of contiguity. Therefore, although South’s entry cannot be precisely located, (as the centre of the forest only, is noted on the
As Van Swearingen’s pre-emption had not been located at the date of this entry, the call for his pre-emption and settlement must be considered as a call for the settlement land only, for the reasons given in the cases of Crow's heirs vs. Harrod's heir, Hard. 441, and Craig vs. Machir, ante 10.
The only remaining question is, whether after adjoin--ing Van Swearingen on the north, the survey shall be made at right angles, by running due north from Swear-ingen, or oblique angled by running northwest. Thq, appellants contended for the former and cited the case of Craig and Huwkins's heirs, Dec. 1808. That was, on an entry beginning at the head of a creek, “ running down the same one mile, extending northxvardly for quantity.” The court, in that case decided that north-wardly, was only descriptive of the side of th* base line on which the land was to lie ; that it did not in common parlance, mean the same as north, but only as approaching towards the north rather than towards any of the other cardinal points. But here we cannot make northwest so flexible^ especially when the locator has called to adjoin a claim on the north, and run northxvest for quantity. It would be torturing xvords and meaning.. without any apparent ambiguity, were we to say that northwest meant north, or that joining Swearingen on the north and running northxvest, meant running north, or at right angles to the base given ; the locator seems to have understood correctly the base given, as a parallel of north latitude, and we cannot suppose him so ignorant as not to understand, that northwest, was not-north, or that a line run northwest, from an east and
Note.— One of these springs was on the north fork, about a mile below the tree marked V. S. the other about half a mile ftiJllower down the creek-r- and both near a trace from Boonsborough, to the lower Blue Licks,