161 N.E. 319 | NY | 1928
The plaintiff, prior to the 27th day of February, 1924, had sold and delivered to a corporation, known as the Checker Taxicab Company, oil and gasoline of the value of $4,708.70. No part of the sum thus owing had then been paid to the plaintiff. Accordingly the plaintiff declined to make further deliveries to the Checker Taxicab Company. The defendant was the treasurer of the company. On the day named he stated to an officer of the plaintiff that it ought to continue to make deliveries. As a result of a conversation which ensued the defendant made and delivered to the plaintiff a writing reading as follows: "I will personally guarantee the payment of oil or gasoline to the Sun Oil Co. in the sum of $7,500 in the event the Checker Taxi Co. does not pay within 30 days after demand is made." The writing was subscribed by the defendant. Thereafter the plaintiff continued to sell and deliver to the Checker Taxicab Co. oil and gasoline until that company owed *31 it an additional sum of $2,200.27. Subsequently the taxicab company was declared bankrupt. In the bankruptcy proceedings the plaintiff received a 30 per cent dividend upon its claim, or the sum of $2,072.69. This left the taxicab company indebted to the plaintiff in the sum of $4,836.28. More than thirty days having elapsed after demand of payment made, this action was brought against the defendant upon his guaranty. The plaintiff has had a recovery for the sum stated to be owing, with interest. The question now arising is whether or not the writing signed by the defendant was a sufficient memorandum of his promise to answer for the debt of another to satisfy the Statute of Frauds. (Personal Property Law, § 31; Cons. Laws, ch. 41.)
It will be observed that the writing does not expressly state a consideration for the promise of guaranty. The trial judge said: "It is implicit in this agreement that the vendor was to forbear for thirty days against the vendee." We find no such implication in the writing. Non-payment by the Checker Taxicab Company for a period of thirty days was nothing more than the specified condition upon the fulfillment of which the defendant's promise to pay in its stead was to become operative. Was other consideration implied? We must first determine whether or not the defendant intended to guarantee the payment of a debt already owing, or the payment of a debt which in part was to arise from future transactions. If the former, there was no consideration given for the guaranty. "Unless forbearance or further advances were requested, the difficulty indeed would be deeper than one of the Statute of Frauds; there would be no contract." (Williston on Contracts, sec. 573.) In order to determine the nature of the thing promised, recourse to the circumstances attending the execution of the writing may be had. (Id. sec. 573.) While oral proof of the promise made is not admissible, oral proof of facts from which the meaning of the written promise may be *32
known is admissible. (Marks v. Cowdin,
The judgment should be affirmed, with costs.
CARDOZO, Ch. J., POUND, CRANE, ANDREWS, LEHMAN and O'BRIEN, JJ., concur.
Judgment affirmed.