10 La. Ann. 758 | La. | 1855
Lead Opinion
A majority of the court are of the opinion that the judgment of the lower court should not be disturbed, except so far as to amend the same by rejecting the payment of $2000 alleged to have been made to the Planters’ Bank.
The principal contest has arisen out of the construction of the statute of Mississippi, which declares that no action of debt shall be instituted on a judgment after the expiration of seven years after the date of said judgment. It is contended in this court, on the one hand, that this statute bars the right, and consequently can be invoked everywhere; on the other hand, that it is but a statute of limitations, and bars the remedy only. We think the latter opinion is so well established by authority, in which our own courts and the Court of the United States concur, that it ought not to he disturbed by us. It is well settled, both by the Civil and the Common Law, that a judgment gives rise to an action to enforce it. Whenever this action.is brought, it is subject to the law of the forum, and the prescription of the forum alone will bar such action. 3 Zacharie, p. 373, No. 769: JDeseffeis de la chose jvgée; 2 Savigny, 246-248; 13 Peters’ R., 324, 328; McElmoyle v. Cohen, 7 N. S.. 108 ; Union Cotton Co. v. Lobdell, 3 An., 220; Lacoste v. Benton, 7 An., 600 ; Bacon v. Dahlgreen, 7 An., 272; Taylor & Hadden v. Joor.
It appears that Gen. Sparrmo administered the estate, in his capacity both of tutor and curator. Many of his vouchers state that the money was received of him as tutor, others that it was received of him as tutor and curator, and others as curator only. Ashe had the capacity to administer the estate in both capaci-cities, a majority of the court think that any payment made by him on account of the estate interrupted prescription, and that the ■ payment by him of the notes held by the Bank of the United States had the effect of interrupting prescription upon them.
We have been unable to discover any evidence of the payment of the $2000 to the Planters, Bank, and we are unanimously of the opinion that the judgment must be amended in this particular, as prayed for.
It is therefore ordered, adjudged and decreed by the court, that the judgment of the lower court be so amended as to direct and order that H. D. Mandeville,
Dissenting Opinion
dissenting. In September, 1837, John Ditcher’s succession was opened in Jefferson county, State of Mississippi, the place of his domicil, and Thomas A. Compton was appointed the administrator. The creditors were duly notified to present their claims within eighteen months, in accordance with the statute of that State. On the 28th October, 1844, the administrator filed his final account of administration, showing a balance of $3860 61 after the payment of the debts, which amount was homolo-gated by the Probate Court.
The deceased also left a considerable estate in Louisiana, on which letters of administration were granted to Edward Sparrow by the Probate Court of the parish of Concordia, about the same time that the Mississippi estate was opened.
The record shows that Sparrow’s first account of administration was filed on the 1st May, 1845, and the second, with a statement or list of claims against the estate, purporting to be a tableau of distribution, on the 11th May, 1849. This account, showing the receipt of funds to the amount of $58,281 42, and disbursements to that of $18,288 79, leaving a balance of $39,992 63, alleged to be for distribution among the ordinary creditors, has given rise to various oppositions. H. B. Pennoch, S. W. Oákey and Maria Boulden filed an opposition, as creditors, against all the claims therein set forth, but afterwards withdrew the same, except as to those set up by the Bank of the United States, as follows, viz :
1. Twelve thousand and four dollars, besides interest, amount of judgment rendered in Mississippi on the 16th June, 1836, against John Ducker, in favor of said Bank.
2. Twelve thousand five hundred and twenty dollars, besides interest, amount of judgment also rendered in Mississippi, on the 16th June, 1836, against John Ducker, in favor of the Planters’ Bank of Mississippi, and by the latter transferred to the Bank of the United States.
3. Thirteen thousand two hundred and thirty-two dollars and forty one cents, as transferrees Of two promissory notes signed by John Ducker, on the 2d May, 1837, to the order of and endorsed by George Overakei and Farnsworth, and by the latter to the Planters’ Bank of Mississippi, their transferrors, one for the sum of $6421 44, payable eleven months after date, and the other for the sum of 6810 97, payable nineteen months after date. On the 26th April, 1839, Edward Sparrow, as tutor of the minor, Sarah Ducker, paid on eacli of these notes the sum of $2692 34, which is endorsed thereon.
On the 6th May, 1850, the trustees of the Bank of the United States also filed an opposition to this account, complaining: 1. That 8 per cent, interest, to which they were entitled under the law of Mississippi, had not been allowed on said notes, which were, besides, improperly classed with the privilege to be paid in the notes of said Planters’ Bank. 2. That the judgment debt of $12,520, which they held as transferrees of said Planters’ Bank, was also improperly
The District Court sustained the opposition of the Bank of the United States, and also decreed an amendment of the tableau by classing the trustees of the Planters’ Bank of Mississippi as creditors for the sum of $3199 74, with 8 per cent, interest from the 3d of December, 1830, until paid, subject to a credit of $2000, paid on the 6th March, 1839, and with privilege to the estate to pay the residue in the notes of said Bank.
H. W. Pennocli, S. W. Oalcey, Maria Boulden and the Planters’ Bank are appellants from said judgment.
The appellees’ prayer for an amendment of the judgment appealed from, in their favor, has been waived by them, and, 1 understand, the judgment acquiesced in by the curator. But it is clear that the rights of the appellants, Pennoclc, Oalcey and Boulden, cannot be affected by this understandings consequently, the case must be considered without reference to it.
It is contended by these appellants that the appellees’ demand is barred by the statutes of Mississippi, one of which provides: “ All claims against the estates of deceased persons shall be presented to the executor, administrator or collector within eighteen months after the publication of notice for that purpose by such executor, administrator, etc., and not after; and all claims not presented within the time aforesaid shall be forever barred, and the estate of the testator or intestate shall be thereafter discharged from the payment of such claim or claims,” etc., etc.
This statute has been held by the highest tribunal of Mississippi to be merely a statute of limitations, a bar to the remedy. It is true our predecessors, in the case of Harrison v. Stacy, 6 R. R., 15, held otherwise; but this was previous to the ruling of the Mississippi court, whose decisions must be viewed as the correct exposition of its own statutes. 5 Smedes & Marshall’s Rep., 661; 7 Ibid, 441; 10 Wheat, ICO.
The other statute declares: “Judgments in any court of record of this State shall not be revived by scire facias; nor shall any action of debt be instituted thereon after the expiration of seven years next after the date of such judgment, etc.” Under this statute, it is clear that not only the remedy, but the right of the appellees to the judgments in question, would be extinct in Mississippi, as no action of debt could be instituted thereon. The question, then, recurs, are they entitled to anymore force and effect in this State 1 The negative seems to have been the doctrine recognized by our predecessors in the case of the Succession of Tilglman, 7 R. R., 391, which is directly in point.
In the case of Hampton v. McConnel, Chief Justice Marshall said: “This is precisely the same case as that of Mills v. Dugué. The court cannot distinguish the two cases. The doctrine then held was, that the judgment of a court should have the same credit, validity and effect, in every other court of the United States, which it had in the State where it was pronounced, and that whatever pleas would be good to a suit thereon in such "State, could be pleaded in any other court in the United States.” The distinction between the right and the remedy is too well settled and understood to need any illustration. An action to enforce the payment of a judgment is undoubtedly the remedy given to the creditor by the law of the forum, but the faith, credit and effect to be given to such judgment must be considered as pertaining to or inherent to the right. 13 Peters, 324.
But it has been urged by the appellees, that their claims were presented to
The testimony of Joseph L. Roberts shows, that he acted as the agent of the appellees, and, as such, presented a transcript of this judgment, together with that of another, to Sparrow, the curator, in the fall of 1842 or spring of 1843 ; that the presentation was subsequently acknowledged on the envelope of one of them in the handwriting of General Sparrow. These envelopes were in his (witness’s) office, but could not be found.
Mr. Clark testified, that at the time he filed the opposition for the appellees, the transcript was placed in his hands by Roberts; “it then hadan envelope, which contained a writing to this effect: ‘Presented 12th April, 1844,’ in the handwriting of and signed by Sparrow, as curator.” It was his impression that he had filed it with the opposition.
Ferguson testified, that when he handed the record to Mr. Clark, as attorney, “ it had written upon it the acknowledgment of Sparrow, curator or tutor, written in Sparrow's handwriting, and signed by him, as curator or tutor. He was struck with the fact that the acknowledgment of Sparrow was on the envelope, instead of on the document itself.” General Sparrow. testified that he had no recollection of the presentation of the claim previous to the filing of the tableau on the 12th May, 1849.
This, in my opinion, did not amount to a sufficient acknowledgment to interrupt prescription. It is requisite that the creditor should present his claim, if liquidated, to the administrator or curator, who is thereupon authorized to write on the evidence of the same, a declaration that he has no objection to its payment, or any other words amounting to an acknowledgment sufficient to authorize the Judge to order it to be ranked among the acknowledged debts of the succession. C. P., 985; 12 R. R., 508'.
As regards the other judgment, there is no proof of its acknowledgment, except the following endorsement on the transcript: “ Presented, 1st January, 1841, Edward Sparrow, tutor, etc.” I consider this insufficient to bind the succession, or to interrupt prescription.
I hold the two promissory notes given by the deceased on the 2d May, 1837, to be extinguished by prescription. C. C., 3505, 3506. The partial payment endorsed on each of these notes, in April, 1839, by Edward Sparrow, as tutor of the minor Sarah Rucker, is the only evidence exhibited by the record of the acknowledgment of this claim, and is clearly insufficient to render the estate liable or to interrupt prescription.
The trustees of the Planters’ Bank of Mississippi complain of the credit of $2000, allowed against their claim. There is no' proof of this payment in the record. It ought, therefore, to be rejected.
I am, therefore, of opinion, that the judgment of the court below ought tobe reversed, the tableau of distribution be amended, so as to exclude the claims set up by the trustees of the Bank of the United States, in so far as the same may be prejudicial to the rights of Pennock, Oakey and Boulden, and also amended by classing the trustees of the Planters’Bank as ordinary creditors, for the sum of $3199 74, with eight per cent, per annum interest from the 3d of December, 1836, until paid, and all the eosts resulting from the opposition of the trustees of the Bank of the United States should be borne by that Bank, in so far as the said costs may be prejudicial to the rights of said Pennock, Oakey and Boulden.
