125 S.W. 399 | Tex. Crim. App. | 1910
Appellant was convicted in the court below of theft of property under the value of $50 and his punishment assessed at a fine of $40 and twenty days in jail.
1. In the trial of the case in the court below the proof showed that on the night of the 28th day of March, 1909, in the town of Wills Point, the appellant, in company with several other parties, one of whom was the prosecuting witness, Jim Simpson, had a bottle of whisky and that they had taken several drinks; that after strolling around the streets awhile they went to Lemay's restaurant to get something to eat; that while they were sitting at the counter the witness Dide Manning asked the prosecuting witness if he could cash a check for him. The prosecuting witness took his money out of his pocket, which consisted of a $20 bill, three $5 bills and some small change in silver, and laid it on the counter in front of him; that he turned to Manning and told him he would loan him a dollar but could not cash his check, and when he, prosecuting witness, turned back he found the $20 bill was gone. The appellant at the time was standing just behind the prosecuting witness. The prosecuting witness further states that after he had gone to the hotel that night, witnesses Gabe Scott and Roy Wright came in and handed him a $20 bill, which he recognized as the one he had at the restaurant. The proof further showed that after the witness stated that he had lost his money, the parties stayed at the restaurant some little time, the appellant laid down on a counter and went to sleep and appeared to be very drunk; that two of the State's witnesses went to him while he was lying down to get him up so that they could go out of the restaurant as the restaurant man wanted *260 to close up; that they found a $20 bill in his pocket with the end somewhat sticking out; that they took the $20 away from appellant and gave it to the prosecuting witness Simpson. Appellant made no explanation at the time the parties got the money from him. He got up and staggered on out of the house and went off, and was afterwards found lying in front of the Peace Hotel apparently asleep. The witness Wright testified that after Simpson left the restaurant appellant was lying on the counter apparently asleep, and appeared to be pretty drunk and that they discovered the corner of a $20 bill sticking out of the outside coat pocket of appellant. Scott shook appellant and told him he wanted that money; that the appellant grunted but said nothing. Without going into a further detail of the facts this is a sufficient statement to illustrate the point that is made by the appellant.
The court charged the jury as follows: "If you find from the evidence beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant committed the offense as charged, then in passing upon the question of intent, you may in mitigation of the penalty affixed to the offense take into consideration the question of the drunkenness of the defendant. If you believe from the evidence that at the time the defendant took the money, if you should so find, he was so drunk as to be temporarily insane, then you may take this into consideration in assessing the penalty you may fix." The appellant requested several charges, all of which were to the effect that in order to constitute theft there must be an intentional taking and an intentional appropriation, and if the defendant's mind at the time he committed the act was in such condition by reason of intoxication as to not be capable of forming a criminal intent, then they would acquit the defendant. The question then is whether the court erred in not submitting the various charges requested upon this subject by the appellant. Article 41 of the Penal Code provides as follows: "Neither intoxication nor temporary insanity of mind, produced by the voluntary recent use of ardent spirits, shall constitute any excuse in this State for the commission of crime, nor shall intoxication mitigate either the degree or the penalty of crime, but evidence of temporary insanity produced by such use of ardent spirits may be introduced by the defendant in any criminal prosecution in mitigation of the penalty attached to the offense for which he is being tried, and in cases of murder for the purpose of determining the degree of murder of which the defendant may be found guilty." Said article further provides: "It shall be the duty of the several district and county judges of this State, in any criminal prosecution pending before them where temporary insanity is relied upon as a defense, and the evidence tends to show that such insanity was brought about by the immoderate use of intoxicating liquors, to charge the jury in accordance with the provisions of this article." Before the adoption of this article in cases of crime where the intent entered into or was a constituent element of the offense, intoxication or drunkenness was admissible in evidence upon the question of motive *261
or intent, but since the adoption of this statute the courts are precluded from submitting the question to the jury or of telling the jury that if the defendant was so drunk as not to be capable of forming an intent, then in such case they would acquit. However, this rule, as we understand it, has been changed by the statute and in all criminal cases now, the rule as laid down in the case of Evers v. State,
Finding no errors in the record, the judgment is in all things affirmed.
Affirmed.
Davidson, Presiding Judge, absent.
