95 Va. 784 | Va. | 1898
delivered the opinion of the court.
D. P. Motley, being embarrassed, executed a deed of trust to
The deed was also assailed by appellants as being fraudulent in fact because it “secures J. R. Motley about $2,400 due him and for which he is liable as surety of the grantor. J. R. Motley is the father of D. P. Motley, the grantor, and $1,200 of the amount secured, as shown by the account filed in the record, is “for board of horse, self, and furnishing horse 12 years at $100 per annum.” There is no pretence that for this sum there was any antecedent contract by which the son bound himself to pay his father anything. As between strangers board and lodging and tjie keep of a horse would constitute a consideration from which the law would imply a promise to pay; but it is well settled that as between persons standing to each other in the relation of husband and wife, parent and child, grandparents, brothers, stepchildren, and other near relations, no action can be maintained for such sendees in the absence of an express contract or engagement to pay for them. The rule, says .Chancellor Green, in Updike v. Titus, 2 Beasley, at p. 153, “rests upon the simple reason, that such services are not performed in the expectation
“An express promise cannot be supported by a consideration from which the law could not imply a promise, except where the express promise does away with a legal suspension or bar of right of action, which, but for such suspension or bar, would be valid.” Beaumont v. Reeve, 8 Adolp. & Ell. 486.
The principle is stated by Wightman, J., in the same case, as follows: “A precedent moral obligation, not capable of creating an original cause of action, will not support an express promise.”
It is clear that independent of the express promise on the part of the son made after the services were rendered there could, in this case, have been no recovery upon the original cause of action, for it rested upon no consideration from which the law would have implied a promise to pay, and therefore the subsequent promise is insufficient. See in addition to authorities already cited Cook v. Bradley, 7 Conn. 57; Mills v. Wyman, 3 Pick. 207; Wennall v. Adney, 3 B. & P. 249; and Hack v. Stewart, 8 Barr, at p. 217.
The latter case is similar in many of its aspects to that under consideration, the father having conveyed to the son, in consideration of work and labor done by the son after he became twenty-one years of age. The conveyance was held to be fraudulent as to the other creditors of the father.
As to the item of $1,200, the contention of the appellants should have been sustained.
It is claimed on behalf of appellees that the appellants were not injured by the ruling of the court in dismissing their bill,
This suggestion would require us to rely upon estimates possibly erroneous and misleading, and courts should be careful when an error to the prejudice of a litigant is established to decline to correct it upon the idea that it works no injury. Presumably all error is prejudicial, and to warrant the court in disregarding established error upon the theory that the other party is not aggrieved thereby it should be made very plainly to appear that such is the fact.
The account of D. P. Motley with J. R. Motley, to which we have already referred, as to the item of board, etc., amounts in the aggregate 'to $2,783.62|*. Striking out the $1,200 for board leaves a balance of more than $1,500, which is claimed to be due for timber, ties, corn and other property sold by the father to the son. This claim rests upon a different ground from that for board. The son was in active business, and dealing in the purchase and sale of such articles as are found in the account under consideration. The evidence tends to rebut the presumption that these items were delivered by the father as a gift, and they therefore constitute a good consideration for the deed of trust, though a part was barred by the statute of limitations at the time of its execution. Striking out, therefore, the item of $1,200, the residue of the account is free from objection.
It is claimed by appellees that the deed secured J. R. Motley $2,400 due him, and for which he is liable as surety of the grantor, and there is evidence proving that as surety he was responsible for about $1,000, which, added to the $1,500, amounts to more than the $2,400, for which the decree was rendered in favor of J. R. Motley. There is no proof, however, that J. R. Motley has paid or will be required to pay as surety the debts for which he is bound as such, and the decree appealed from directs the sum of $2,400 to be paid „to him, or his attorneys, un
Another objection taken to the decree of the court below by appellants is because it allows a fee of $500 to counsel for R. M. Sutton & Co., and extra compensation to the trustee for services rendered by him.
There are cases which justify courts in making allowance for fees to counsel to be paid out of funds under their control, a power capable of great abuse and one which should be exercised with the most jealous caution and regard to the rights of the litigants. In most cases it is better to leave those concerned to contract for the compensation to be paid for the services rendered or received. But while this is true, it is also true that where parties to a suit unrepresented by counsel reap the benefit of services rendered in the progress of a cause, it is right and proper that those who received the benefit should be required to make just compensation for it. But we repeat it is a power which is very capable of being abused, and should therefore be cautiously exercised, lest thereby the administration of justice be brought into reproach.
The fee of $500 was allowed in this case because, as is stated in the decree, the fund “arising from the sale was largely increased” by a sale of the property on time as a result of the litigation instead of for cash as provided for in the deed. Any party to the deed could have insisted upon the execution of the deed in accordance with its terms, and any change made in it must therefore have been the result of agreement among the parties, and not of any particular service rendered by counsel, and the fee allowed would seem to be a very generous compensa
For the reasons stated, the decree complained of must be reversed.
Reversed.