Stickel v. Steel
1 N.W. 1046
Mich.
1879
Check Treatment
Cooley, J.

In August, 1877, Stickel bought of ‍​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​​‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​​​​​​‌​​​​‌​‌​​​‍the copartnership of E. T. Steel & Co. a bill of gоods amounting to $269.43 at ‍​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​​‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​​​​​​‌​​​​‌​‌​​​‍a credit of four months from September *35115, fоllowing. On the same clay and at the same place he bоught another bill of goods of the same parties, at a credit of four months from October 1 following. Neither bill was paid for when thе credit expired, and after both had fallen due, suit was brought in justicе’s court on the first bill, and judgment recovered. Another suit was then brought оn the second bill. In that suit ‍​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​​‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​​​​​​‌​​​​‌​‌​​​‍Stickel relied upon the first judgment as a bar. His рosition was, that the two bills only constituted one account, consisting of several items, all due when the first suit was brought, and that an adjudiсation upon any part of it was necessarily an adjudication upon the whole, because the account was inсapable of being-divided up for the purposes of separate actions. Bunnel v. Pinto, 2 Conn., 431; Guernsey v. Carver, 8 Wend., 492; Stevens v. Lockwood, 13 Wench, 644; Borngesser v. Harrison, 12 Wis., 544. The justice overruled this defense, and gаve judgment for the plaintiffs, and ‍​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​​‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​​​​​​‌​​​​‌​‌​​​‍the circuit court affirmed his judgment. The case is now before us on error.

For some purposes thе two bills unquestionably constituted distinct demands. They were made such in thеir origin, so far as time of payment was concerned, and suit might have been brought upon one before the other was clue. Had such a suit been instituted and particulars been demanded, the bill rendered must have been not for so much money constituting a certain part of an account for goods sold and delivеred, but for so much money being the price and value of the gоods constituting the ‍​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​​‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​​​​​​‌​​​​‌​‌​​​‍bill then sued upon. For all the purposes, ’ therefore, of a suit instituted promptly when the right accrued, the first bill must havе been treated as a separate demand, and could not have been regarded in any other light. But this suit would have left the оther bill to be sued in another, and it will not be claimed that the first suit would be a bar to the second under such circumstances. Had no suit bеen brought upon either bill, the statute of limitations would have barred the *352remedy upon one, leaving the other for a time untouched: had a payment been made in recognition of the one thus barred, it would thereby have been revived and renewed for six years more, while the other would have been left to the statutory bar. In short, if the two bills constituted one demand in their origin, they must have become two for all legal purposes when the one fell due before the other, and if united again by the other falling duе, they would be again separated when the remedy upon one was barred, or whenever anything occurred which should render one the subject of a suit when the other was not. But all this is inconsistent with the idea that the two bills constitute a single demand.

The two bills might have been embraced in one action, but as the aggregatе amount exceeded the jurisdiction of a justice of the peace, we probably have, in this fact, an explanаtion of the two suits. We think the plaintiffs had a legal right to bring the two suits. The justice refused to give costs in the second suit, and the course taken has been favorable to the debtor, instead of being oppressive. Tie has been sued in an inexpensive court, and would have been saved the costs of a suit in the court of general jurisdiction but for the certiorari.

The judgment must be affirmed, with costs.

The other Justices concurred.