156 Mo. 143 | Mo. | 1900
At the October term, 1899, of the circuit court of Scott county, defendant was indicted by the grand jury of said county for an attempt to cheat and defraud the Farmers Bank of Commerce of said county, of the sum of forty dollars.
The indictment leaving off the formal parts is as follows:
“The grand jurors for the State of Missouri, duly impaneled, charged and sworn to inquire within and for the body of Scott county and State of Missouri, upon their oath, present and charge that Newt. J. Woodward, on the 24th day of June, A. D. 1899, at the county of Scott and State of Missouri, feloniously and designedly, with the unlawful and*145 felonious intent to cheat- and defraud the Parmer’s Bank of. Commerce, a banking corporation duly organized under the laws of the State of Missouri, did unlawfully, falsely and feloniously, pretend and represent to the said Parmer’s Bank of Commerce, that the signature, “Mrs. E. Woodward,” then and there attached to a certain promissory note, which promissory note was payable to the said bank in the sum of one hundred dollars, and was to become due ninety days after the date of a loan to be granted by said bank, and which date was to be affixed to said note at the time said loan was made, and which promissory note he, the said Newt. J. Woodward, did then and there present to the said bank, and request of said bank that he, said Newt. J. Woodward, be granted a loan of forty dollars of the money of said bank, instead of the one hundred dollars, was the signature of the step-mother of him, the said Newt. J. Woodward, in accordance with an agreement and promise made by Wm. B. Anderson, president of said bank, to grant a loan of one hundred dollars of the money of the said bank, to the said Newt. J. Woodward, upon the condition that the step-mother of him, the said Newt. J. Woodward, would sign said promissory note for said sum of one hundred dollars; that said Wm. B. Anderson, as president of the said bank, had «authority to grant said loan, and that the step-mother of him, the said Newt. J. Woodward, was solvent and responsible for said amount; whereas in truth and in fact the signature, “Mrs. E. Woodward,” so attached to the promissory note aforesaid, was not the signature of the step-mother of him, the said Newt. J. Woodward, which truth and fact, he, the said Newt. J. Woodward, well and truly knew, by means of which false and fraudulent pretense aforesaid, the said Newt J. Woodward, did then and there unlawfully, fraudulently and feloniously attempt to obtain and receive from the bank forty dollars, of the value of forty dollars, of the money of the said*146 bank, with the unlawful and felonious intent then and there to cheat and defraud the said bank of the same. But he, the said Newt. J. Woodward, did then and there fail in the perpetration of said offense, crime and felony, against the peace and dignity of the State.”
On October 23, 1899, defendant demurred to the indictment upon the ground, that it “states no offense under the law.” The demurrer was sustained, and judgment rendered against the State for costs. The State appeals.
The section of the statute under which the indictment is drawn (section 3826, R. S. 1889) reads as follows: “Every person who, with intent to cheat and defraud, shall obtain or attempt to obtain from any other person or persons, any money, property or valuable thing whatever, by means or use of any trick or deception, or false and fraudulent representation or statement or pretense......shall be deemed guilty of a felony.”
The constituent elements of a crime under this statute, are the intent to cheat and defraud, the attempt to obtain from another person or persons money or property by means or use of some trick or deception, or false and fraudulent representations or statements, or pretenses, and the failure in the perpetration of the offense; and, while the indictment is inartistically drawn, and contains much verbiage, it contains all the essential and necessary averments.
It charges that: “Newt. J. Woodward, on the 24th day of June, A. D. 1899, at the county of Scott, and State of Missouri, feloniously and designedly with the unlawful and felonious intent to cheat and defraud, .... did unlawfully, feloniously and falsely pretend and represent that . .. .was the signature of his step-mother. .. .by means of which false and fraudulent pretense aforesaid, the said Newt. J. Woodward did then and there unlawfully, fraudulently and feloniously attempt to obtain and receive of the said bank $40 of the value of $40.......with the unlawful and
The rule is that the allegations with respect to the facts constituting the offense should be sufficiently specific to inform the defendant and the court of the nature of the crime charged, and to enable the defendant to plead in bar any judgment which may be rendered, to any subsequent prosecution for the same offense, and there can be no qrrestion but that defendant might plead in bar whatever judgment may be rendered in this case, whether of acquittal or conviction, to any Subsequent prosecution for the same offense. By a fair and reasonable construction of the language of the indictment, defendant is notified that he is charged with attempting to obtain from the Farmers’ Bank of Commerce, forty dollars by means of false representations, and pretenses, and to hold otherwise, would be not only to violate the ordinary rules of the construction of language but to “adhere to technicalities when they do not involve or contain principle” and under such circumstances are “empty and without reason, and tend to defeat law and right.” [Wallace v. State, 2 Lea 35; Glidewell v. State, 15 Lea 135.]
While the unnecessary averments somewhat obscure the material allegations in the indictment, they do not render these averments nugatory or vitiate it. They may be disregarded as surplusage and sufficient remain to constitute an offense, and to inform the defendant of the nature of the charge against him.
We therefore reverse the judgment and remand the cause.
