93 Conn. App. 232 | Conn. App. Ct. | 2006
Opinion
The defendant, Paige Wheatland, appeals from the judgment of the trial court rendered following the denial of his motion to withdraw his guilty plea, entered pursuant to the doctrine of North Carolina v. Alford, 400 U.S. 25, 91 S. Ct. 160, 27 L. Ed. 2d 162 (1970),
The relevant facts are as follows. The defendant was arrested and charged with assault in the first degree following an altercation that transpired in Meriden on July 14, 2000.
I
The defendant first contends that the April 5, 2001 plea was not knowingly and voluntarily made. We disagree.
The following additional facts are uncontested and relevant to our inquiry. At the April 5,2001 plea hearing, the court canvassed the defendant. The court inquired as to whether the defendant had had enough time to discuss the matter with his attorney and whether he was satisfied with his attorney’s advice and counsel, to which the defendant answered affirmatively. The court asked whether the defendant was under the influence of drugs, alcohol, medication or any other substance; the defendant replied no. The court then asked whether the defendant understood that “by pleading to the charge, even under the Alford doctrine, you are giving up your right to try the case to the court or the jury with the assistance of your attorney, you are giving up your right to confront and cross-examine witnesses against you, your right against self-incrimination, your
The court then addressed the terms of the Garvin agreement, explaining that the defendant was facing either “a ten after five with five years probation or five years to serve followed by six years special parole . . . .” The court continued: “Additionally, you have to understand that as part of this agreement, you must be present in court on the acceptance and sentencing date agreed upon by the parties. If you are not present, then all deals are off. That is, the court would be free to accept your plea previously tendered and sentence you to any sentence within the maximum allowed with respect to the charges if you fail to appear. . . . Do you understand that?” “Yes, sir,” the defendant replied. The court therefore concluded that the “plea is found to be voluntarily made and understandingly made with the assistance of competent counsel.”
A
In support of his claim, the defendant first refers to the portion of the plea canvass in which he indicated
“The Court: Have you had enough time to discuss this matter with your attorney?
“[The Defendant]: Actually, no, sir.
“The Court: All right. Now, I know this has been pending for quite a while, and I know the offers were made some time ago and continued to this date for a yes or no response. Now, what is it that you haven’t done in connection with this case that you require to do?
“[The Defendant]: Well, actually I—
“The Court: When you say you haven’t had enough time.
“[The Defendant]: I just want to know — I don’t know the difference between what he’s saying, six special years of parole or—
“The Court: Let me explain what special parole is, basically. First of all, there’s five years incarceration. You’d serve whatever you serve of that time of a five year sentence. Then, instead of probation, you are on parole. There are conditions to be — just like after a prison sentence when you are put on parole. There’s a parole board. There are conditions to parole, which are similar to that of probation. As you serve — let’s say you have six years of special parole. As you serve each year, a year disappears. In other words, once you’ve gone through one year without a problem, then you have five years left. If you go through two, you have four years left hanging over your head and so on. If you go through five years of the six years of special parole you only— if you are violated, you only have one year to serve, but whatever the remainder is, if you do violate, there’s*239 no violation of probation hearing. There’s a parole hearing and you are put back in custody.
“[The Defendant]: So, for the whole six years I have to report to a—
“The Court: You’d have to report to parole rather than probation is basically what happens.
“[The Defendant]: And with the other way I would just—
“The Court: The other way is probation and it doesn’t — you know, probation. The time hanging over your head doesn’t diminish during the period that you serve the probation, but its something — if you are going to be on special parole, it’s a good idea not to get in any trouble because there’s no violation of probation hearing. There’s a special — there’s a parole hearing, which [has] a lot fewer rights involved.
“[Defense Counsel]: I will review the statutes with him and the differences again, Your Honor, between now and the date of sentencing.
“The Court: Okay, and I think that would be appropriate if he’s going to make that determination. Now, other than that, are you prepared to continue with the canvassing?
“[The Defendant]: Yes, sir.”
The defendant claims that this colloquy demonstrates that he “did not understand the nature of the plea proceedings or the proposed sentence.” The defendant does not identify any specific rule of practice or deci-sional law in support of that contention. The salient provisions of our rules of practice are contained in Practice Book §§ 39-19 and 39-20. Section 39-19 (1) requires that a defendant understand the “nature of the charge to which the plea is offered . . . .” Special parole, however, pertains to the nature of the defen
The record reveals that the court asked the defendant if he understood that “the maximum penalty you could get for the . . . charge [of assault in the first degree] is from one to twenty years [incarceration] and [a fine of] up to $15,000 so that the maximum is twenty years and $15,000,” to which the defendant replied affirmatively. The court then asked the defendant if he understood the terms of the Garvin agreement, which promised “[e]ither one or the other of two possible sentences. Either a ten after five with five years probation or five years to serve followed by six years special
Finally, even if we assume arguendo that the defendant remained confused as to the concept of special parole following the court’s canvass, that fact does not render his plea unknowing and involuntary. “To prevail, the defendant must establish that the court failed to obtain a proper waiver of at least one of the three core constitutional rights identified in Boykin . . . .” State v. Lugo, 61 Conn. App. 855, 863, 767 A.2d 1250, cert. denied, 255 Conn. 955, 772 A.2d 153 (2001). It is undisputed that the defendant was cognizant of his privilege against compulsory self-incrimination, his right to trial by jury and his right to confront his accusers. Indeed, the defendant does not contest that he knowingly and voluntarily waived those three core constitutional rights. Accordingly, the court properly concluded that the defendant’s plea was knowing and voluntary.
B
The defendant also argues that the court failed to apprise him of the mandatory minimum sentence as required by Practice Book § 39-19 (2). His claim merits little discussion. “[T]he constitutional mandate is not strict adherence to [Practice Book § 39-19 (2)] but, rather, an understanding by the defendant of the actual
Furthermore, our Supreme Court has concluded that a failure to canvass the defendant as to the mandatory minimum sentence does not necessarily void a guilty plea as involuntary. State v. Domian, supra, 235 Conn. 687-89. Rather, the critical inquiry is whether such additional information would have made a difference in the defendant’s decision to plead guilty. Id., 689. Because the defendant does not so contend, his claim fails.
II
The defendant next claims that the court improperly denied his motion to withdraw the April 5, 2001 plea. “[0]nce entered, a guilty plea cannot be withdrawn except by leave of the court, within its sound discretion, and a denial thereof is reversible only if it appears that there has been an abuse of discretion.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Andrews, 253 Conn. 497, 505, 752 A.2d 49 (2000).
The defendant predicates his claim on Practice Book § 39-27 (3).
Ill
The defendant’s final claim is that his sentence is illegal in that the court lacked authority to impose a sentence of imprisonment consecutive to his federal sentence.
The judgment is affirmed.
In this opinion the other judges concurred.
“Under North Carolina v. Alford, [supra, 400 U.S. 25], a criminal defendant is not required to admit his guilt, but consents to being punished as if he were guilty to avoid the risk of proceeding to trial. ... A guilty plea under the Alford doctrine is a judicial oxymoron in that the defendant does not admit guilt but acknowledges that the state’s evidence against him is so strong that he is prepared to accept the entry of a guilty plea nevertheless.” (Emphasis in original; internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Faraday, 268 Conn. 174, 204-205, 842 A.2d 567 (2004).
At the plea hearing, the prosecutor stated the following factual basis of the plea: “[On] July 14, 2000, in the area of 22 Hickory Street, first floor, in the city of Meriden at approximately 8:45 in the evening, Meriden police responded to that address as indicated on the report of an assault. Upon arrival, one person was injured [and was] transported to the hospital. It was the victim, Mr. Wyanti Leary. Detectives spoke to the homeowner, Miss Melody Melton, who also signed the consent to search [form], allowing the detectives to photograph the apartment, which contained blood on a towel
A Garvin agreement is a conditional plea agreement that has two possible binding outcomes, one that results from the defendant’s compliance with the conditions of the plea agreement and one that is triggered by his violation of a condition of the agreement. See State v. Garvin, supra, 242 Conn. 300-302.
The defendant also alleges that the plea was involuntarily made and that the court failed to inform him of the statutory minimum sentence. We rejected those claims in part I.
The defendant was convicted of possession of crack cocaine with intent to distribute and received a federal sentence of 262 months.