132 Mo. App. 135 | Mo. Ct. App. | 1908
The appeal is from a conviction for a violation of the dramshop act, on an indictment preferred by a grand jury. Appellant filed a motion to quash the indictment for the following reasons:
“That it does not appear upon the face of the record:
“Second. What person or persons composed the alleged grand jury mentioned in the indictment.
“Third. That there were a lawful number of persons summoned to constitute such grand jury or that the same was either lawfully organized, empaneled or sworn.
“Fourth. That a lawful grand jury or any grand jury was returned to the term of court at which said indictment purports to have been returned.
“Fifth. That said indictment was returned against this defendant to this court and filed.
“Sixth. That said indictment was’ presented to the court by the foreman of said alleged grand jury as required by law.
“Seventh. That this court ever appointed a foreman of said alleged grand jury, or that any person was properly and lawfully appointed foreman of said grand jury, or that there was a foreman of said grand jury.”
The motion strikes at the record relating to the empaneling and organization of the grand jury.- In support of the motion, appellant offered the following:
“Circuit Court Record No. 25, page 432. Now on this 20th day of November, 1905, an order for a grand jury for the December Term, 1905, is received from the Judge of this Court and filed herein as follows, to-wit:
“State of Missouri, County of Monroe, ss.:
“I, David H. Eby, Judge of the Tenth Judicial Circuit of Missouri, deeming it necessary that a grand jury be convened at the December term, 1905, of the circuit court of said county, do hereby order that a grand jury be convened at the courthouse in the town of Paris, in the county aforesaid, on the first day of
“Witness my hand and official signature this 18th day of November, 1905.
“David H. Eby,
“Judge of the Tenth Judicial Circuit of Missouri.”
“Circuit Court Record No. 25, page 432. ‘Now on this 20th day of November, 1905, comes J. K. P. Masterson, sheriff, and files return of summons for a grand jury for December Term, 1905.’
“Circuit Court Record No. 25, page 442, December 11th, 1905. ‘Now comes W. R. Baskett and William Donaldson, grand jurors summoned herein and are by the court excused.’
“Circuit Court Record No. 25, page 447, December 11th, 1905. ‘It is ordered by the court that the sheriff summon two grand jurors to fill the vacancies of W. R. Baskett and William Donaldson, to be and appear in this court, Tuesday, December 12th, 1905, at 9 o’clock A. M.’
“Circuit Court Record No. 25, page 450, December Í2th, 1905. ‘Noav comes the Sheriff, F. M. Nolen, and makes return of the two grand jurors,. heretofore ordered by the court to fill vacancies as follows: G. D. Moore and A. J. Batsell.’
“Circuit Court Record No. 25, page 453, December 12th, 1905. ‘Now on this day, December 12th, 1905, the grand jurors heretofore summoned to be and appear at this term of court- receive the charge of the court and are duly sworn by the clerk to the faithful performance of their duties according to law.’
“Circuit Court Record No. 25, page 531, December 28th, 1905. ‘Now on this 28th day of December, 1905, comes the grand jury into open court and return the following indictments: ....
“Capias ordered and issued. Indictment for illegal ■sale of intoxicating liquor. Endorsed a true bill.
“J. J. Brown, Foreman.”
Over tbe objections of appellant tbe State offered the following:
“State of Missouri, County of Monroe, ss.:
“Be it remembered that among tbe records of tbe circuit court within and for the county and State aforesaid the following is found of record, to-wit:
“State of Missouri, County of Monroe, ss.:
“I, David H. Eby, Judge of the Tenth Judicial Circuit of Missouri, deeming it necessary that a grand jury be convened at the December term, 1905, of the circuit court of said county, do hereby order that a grand jury be convened at the, courthouse in the town of Paris, in the county aforesaid on the first day of said term and that the sheriff of said county select said jury-
“State of Missouri, County of Monroe, ss.:
“I, James H. Hill, clerk of the circuit court within •and for the county and State aforesaid, hereby certify that the above and foregoing is a full, true and complete copy of the order made by David H. Eby, Judge of the Tenth Judicial Circuit of Missouri, for a grand jury, as fully as the same remains and appears ,of record in my office in the circuit court records of said county and State.
(Seal) Witness my hand with the official seal of my said office hereunto affixed. Done at office in Paris, this 20th day of November, A. D. 1905.
“James H. Hill,
“Circuit Clerk Monroe County, Missouri,
“To the Sheriff of Monroe County, Missouri — Greetings:
[Seal] “Witness my hand with the official sgal of’ my office hereunto affixed. Done at my office in Paris this 20th day of November, A. D. 1905.
“James H. Hill,
“Circuit Clerk,
“M'onroe County, Missouri.,
■ “I hereby certify that I executed the within writ in the county of Monroe and State of Missouri, by summoning the following-named persons to serve as-grand jurors at the December Term, 1905, of the circuit court of M'onroe county, Missouri,' to-wit: J. J. Brown, H. J. Clapper, Daniel Fleming, W. R. Baskett,. William Donaldson, William Woods, Hayden Hayes,, Gene Riley, T. C. Delaney, William McDowell, John Hawkins and R. R. Mitchell.
“J. K. P. Mastekson,
“Sheriff of Monroe County, Missouri.
“Filed Nov. 20, 1905. James H. Hill, Clerk, By P. G. Marr, D. C.”
Oral evidence was also offered to the effect, that the signature of J. J. Brown, under the indorsement on the indictment, “a true bill,” was his genuine signature. The court overruled the motion to quash to which appellant saved an exception, and on that ruling makes his only assignment of error on the appeal.
The clerk should have entered in the record the names of the men composing the grand jury, the name of the one appointed foreman, if one was appointed, and that the fact that the jury was duly empanelled, sworn and charged to make diligent inquiry and to
A constitutional and statutory grand jury 'must be composed of twelve men. The record does not state whether this grand jury was composed of twelve men and therefore it is contended that the record fails to show that the jury was a lawful one. True you -cannot prove by the record the grand jury was composed of the required twelve men and if you exclude the evidence offered by the State showing that twelve were summoned, of whom two were excused and two bystanders summoned in their stead, there is no affirmative evidence at all as to the number of men who were charged and sworn as a grand jury. But are we to upset the proceedings of a court of record having general jurisdiction, on what no doubt was a misprision of the clerk by failing to enter on the record the names of the persons composing the grand jury and assume that the judge was blind or negligent and may have empanelled a body of more or less than twelve men as a grand jury, or should we indulge the presumption of regularity and right action on the part ■of the court where the record is silent? In such cir- • cumstances, to quote the language of Judge McFarland, in State v. Orrick, 106 Mo. 1. c. 118, 17 S. W. 176, 329, it would seem impossible that the court could be imposed on to charge a grand jury of less or more than twelve men and direct the clerk to administer the proper oath to them in such circumstances. The onus to show that he was imposed upon is upon the party -challenging the jury. But aside from this the order issued by the clerk to the sheriff to summon a grand .jury and the return of the sheriff, though not in the form of a special venire and though it did not run in
No reversible error appearing the judgment is affirmed.