On September 23, 1991, the defendant, Normand Turgeon, was convicted in Superior Court (Groff, J.) of arson, RSA 634:1 (1986). The defendant unsuccessfully moved to set aside the jury verdict on the ground that the prosecutor’s closing argument improperly commented on the defendant’s failure to testify. For the following reasons, we affirm.
During the defendant’s opening statement, counsel suggested that the defendant was intoxicated and that the fire started by accident. The prosecutor, in the State’s closing argument, responded to the defense counsel’s suggestions of accident as follows:
“The defense said to you ... in [her] opening that the . . . defendant could have started this fire by mistake. Well, did you hear any evidence of that? Was . . . there even any evidence presented to you that this fire was started by mistake? Did Mr. Turgeon tell you that he started this fire by mistake?”
(Emphasis added.) The trial judge immediately instructed the jury:
“Ladies and gentlemen, as I’m also going to instruct you in this case and as you already know, defendant has no obligation to present any evidence and no obligation to testify, and I will instruct you at length about that, so I’m going to ask you to disregard anything you’ve heard in argument of counsel relative to anything that Mr. Turgeon should have said or could have said.”
(Emphasis added.) The trial judge also instructed the jury at the close of trial regarding the defendant’s right not to testify.
The prosecutor continued her closing argument after the instruction:
“[W]hen defense counsel stands up and tells you this fire could have been started by mistake, I ask you: Look at what Mr. Turgeon has told you through the police and through that tape.
... [L]ook at what was told to you in defendant’s opening argument and compare it to what was told to you through Mr. Turgeon through the police, and in [the videotape at the police station]. . . .”
On appeal, the defendant argues that the prosecutor’s first remark constituted impermissible comment on the defendant’s failure to testify. The defendant further contends that any curative effect of the judge’s immediate instruction was negated by the prosecutor’s subsequent remarks in closing argument, and thus reversal of the defendant’s conviction is warranted.
The defendant must satisfy two preconditions before triggering a State constitutional analysis: “first, the defendant must raise the State constitutional issue below; second, the defendant’s brief must specifically invoke a provision of the State Constitution.” State v. Fowler,
We construe the defendant’s argument as raising his sixth amendment right to a fair trial under the Federal Constitution. He contends that the alleged prosecutorial misconduct denied him a fair trial and thus the judge erred in denying his motion to set aside the verdict. The determination of whether to set aside the verdict lies within the sound discretion of the trial court, a decision we will reverse only if we find an abuse of discretion. See State v. Houle,
As a general rule, a prosecutor is forbidden from commenting on a defendant’s failure to testify at trial. See Griffin v. California,
A prosecutor’s impermissible comment may require a new trial either because the misconduct “so poisoned the well that the trial’s outcome was likely affected” or “the breach was so egregious that reversal becomes a desirable sanction to forestall future pros
We recognize that the misconduct in the case at bar could be considered a violation of the basic rule prohibiting prosecutorial comment on the defendant’s failure to testify. See Griffin,
Second, we examine whether the prosecutor deliberately commented on the defendant’s failure to take the stand. In Cox supra, the prosecutor prefaced his improper comment with statements explaining that defendants need not present any defense. The First Circuit found this prefatory remark indicative of the prosecutor knowing his comment was dangerously close to the Griffin proscription. Cox,
The evidence against the defendant was quite strong. The testimony revealed that the defendant walked out of his bedroom and left the apartment, with no one else entering the bedroom. A few minutes later the remaining occupants heard crackling noises. They looked into the defendant’s bedroom and found black smoke filling the room and flames emanating from the closet. The defendant was arrested later that night and an inventory search of the defendant produced a lighter. A fire inspector testified that the fire was started intentionally and had originated in the closet in the defendant’s bedroom. The inspector explained that the fire was started in the closet by an open flame, either a match or lighter, which was held against the clothes for three to six seconds. Finally, our consideration of the context in which the prosecutor made the improper comment confirms our conclusion that the comment did not prejudice the outcome of the trial and was not so egregious as to require reversal. Cf. United States v. Lilly,
After balancing these factors, we hold that the trial judge did not abuse his discretion in denying the defendant’s motion to set aside the verdict. Accordingly, we affirm.
Affirmed.
