53 S.E. 482 | S.C. | 1906
February 23, 1906. The opinion of the Court was delivered by
The defendant Clarence Thrailkill was indicted for the killing of Benjamin Burton at Monetta, Saluda County, on the 27th day of April, 1904, was found guilty of manslaughter and sentenced to imprisonment upon the public works of Saluda County, or the penitentiary, for three years. Morgan Thrailkill, the father of defendant, had been indicted for the same offense, was convicted of murder with a recommendation to mercy and sentenced to life imprisonment, which judgment on appeal therefrom was affirmed by this Court. State vs. Thrailkill,
Appellant's fourth exception alleges error in allowing the State's witness, Boyce Gantt, to testify that when he carried the message to Burton's home about Lackey being shot, he was sitting at the fire with his little baby in his arms. A similar exception was overruled in State v. Thrailkill, 71 S.C. 142, as to which the Court, by Mr. Justice Woods, said: "Whether the deceased knew at the time he was killed of the shooting of his brother by Clarence Thrailkill, was a most important inquiry as to a substantive fact, because such knowledge would manifestly powerfully *317 affect his feelings and influence his conduct. Hence, proof that he was informed of the shooting of his brother tended to enlighten the jury as to his feelings towards the Thrailkills, and to interpret his action. Therefore, it was not only competent to prove that Boyce Gantt had informed him, through his wife, of the shooting of his brother, but the issue being whether the defendant killed in self-defense, it was clearly favorable to him to prove that deceased had a motive to attack in revenge for the shooting of his brother."
The fifth, sixth and seventh exceptions allege error in permitting the State's witnesses, Busby and Lackey Burton, to testify as to the matters which took place between Lackey Burton and the defendant and his father, as they did not tend to show the mental attitude of defendant towards the deceased, but towards another person, Lackey Burton. A similar exception was urged, but overruled, in State v. Thrailkill, supra, page 140. The transactions narrated in the testimony were closely connected with the homicide, and led up to it, were explanatory of it, and tended to show the mental attitude of defendant acting in concert and sympathy with Morgan Thrailkill throughout.State v. Miller, ante, 277.
The remaining exceptions, not abandoned, are the first and third, which relate to the charge to the jury. The first exception assigns error because the Court refused to instruct the jury as follows: "A person required by and compelled by another to take part in the commission of a crime, or the doing of an unlawful act, is not guilty in the eyes of the law if the force or coercion, either actual or constructive, used to induce the person charged with such offense, was sufficient to compel a person of the same age and discretion and of ordinary firmness and reason to do such act of violence or other unlawful act." This is a most remarkable request to charge and was very properly refused. It had no application whatever to the case. The defendant was at the time of the homicide between seventeen and eighteen years old, and accountable for his unlawful *318 acts. It does not even appear that he acted under the command or coercion of his father, and if he did, no command by a parent will justify a criminal act by a child, capax doli.
The third exception imputes error in the Court's refusal to charge as follows: "Before the State is entitled to a verdict of guilty in a homicide case, it is incumbent to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the accused person had a motive for, or an intention to, commit the crime of which he is accused, and was not possessed of and prompted by a wicked, depraved and wanton spirit, without regard for the rights of others, a verdict of guilty cannot be reached." The request was properly refused. Motive is not an essential element of crime and need not be shown, although the presence or absence of evidence of a motive may be considered in determining whether there was the criminal intent, which is an essential element in every common law crime. Moreover, the request to charge might have been construed as eliminating manslaughter as a possible verdict. The charge given was explicit in stating to the jury what it was necessary for the State to prove in order to convict under the indictment.
The judgment of the Circuit Court is affirmed.