State v. TaylorState v. Taylor
Defendant, Byron L. Taylor, was charged by bill of information on December 18, 1984 with the unauthorized use of a movable valued in excess of $1,000, in violation of
On October 15, 1985, the defendant was tried before a judge alone and found guilty as charged.1 Defendant was thereafter sentenced to serve six months in the parish jail.
Defendant, pro se, now appeals his conviction and assigns thirteen assignments of error.
FACTS
Sometime on December 7, 1984 Taylor went to Lafayette Motors, Inc., in Lafayette Parish in an attempt to purchase an automobile. After test driving a few, Taylor selected a 1984 Chrysler New Yorker— Fifth Avenue. Taylor returned that afternoon and tendered an instrument labeled a “Public Office Money Certificate” to the salesman as payment for the selected automobile. The salesman took the instrument over to the sales manager for his examination and approval, which approval was denied as the instrument was apparently worthless.2 Upon return to his office, the salesman noticed that both the Chrysler and Taylor were gone.
The car was then reported stolen and later recovered, apparently abandoned on Johnston Street in Lafayette.
ASSIGNMENTS OF ERROR NOS. 1 AND 12:
Appellant contends the trial court denied him right to counsel of his choice, pursuant to the
Defendant was offered assistance of counsel, who was a member of the Louisiana State Bar Association, but such assistance was repeatedly and unequivocally refused by the defendant. Defendant instead insisted on representation by a person who was not an attorney. There is no Sixth Amendment right to be represented by a non-attorney. United States v. Benson, 592 F.2d 257 (5th Cir.1979). There is likewise no such right granted under the other constitutional amendments cited by appellant. These assignments are without merit.
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 2:
The defendant‘s next contention is that the trial court erred in denying the appellant the right to be indicted by a grand jury before being prosecuted for an infamous crime.
It has long been held that charge by indictment for all infamous crimes has not been incorporated into the
ASSIGNMENTS OF ERROR NOS. 3 AND 11:
The defendant next contends that the trial court erred in denying him due process of law because he was prosecuted by a judicial officer, thus violating the separation of powers doctrine as laid out in the United States Constitution.
Without reaching the question of whether such a due process right exists, the proceedings against defendant did not violate the separation of powers doctrine.
These assignments of error are without merit.
ASSIGNMENTS OF ERROR NOS. 4 AND 11:
By these assignments of error, defendant asserts that he was denied the right to be tried by a Common Law jury of twelve of his peers and equals.
Despite appellant‘s contention that his status is as a “Freeman and/or Merchant at Law“, he is incorrect in his assertion that, since he has not reduced his relationship to one of contract with this state, he is subject only to the Common Law. Courts of this state are empowered to take jurisdiction over all persons, not otherwise granted immunity, who have committed crimes against the people of this state. Subject to the jurisdiction of the courts of this state, such a person will be tried in accordance with the procedures of this state. Among these procedures is that trial in cases where punishment may be confinement at hard labor, but not necessarily so, shall be by a jury composed of six.
These assignments of error are without merit.
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 5:
The defendant‘s fifth assignment of error alleges that he was denied his right to be free from seizure (arrest) unless by warrant based upon probable cause supported by oath or affirmation pursuant to the
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 6:
By this assignment of error defendant contends that the trial court erred in allowing him to be charged with a crime not punishable at common law.
The determination and definition of facts which are punishable as crimes are purely legislative functions or declarations of the people embodied in the Constitution and there are no common law crimes in this state.
This assignment of error is without merit.
By this assignment defendant contends he was denied his right to confront and cross-examine witnesses against him in violation of the
ASSIGNMENTS OF ERROR NOS. 8 AND 11:
Appellant‘s next assignments challenge the propriety of his trial as the district court judge was not one in conformance with
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 9:
By this assignment defendant contends that the trial court erred in denying the defendant due process of law, rushing to justice and denying him the right to present and argue his motions fully in open court.
The specific motion referred to by defendant is a motion to quash filed August 5, 1985. The trial court allowed sufficient time for appellant to argue his motion before trial and correctly ruled the motion had no basis in law and denied the motion. Defendant moved to quash the bill of information because it was not supported by affidavit. A bill of information, signed by the district attorney, requires no such affidavit.
This assignment of error is without merit.
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 10:
By this assignment defendant claims that the statute under which he was prosecuted, as applied in this case, is unconstitutional in that it impairs the obligation of a valid contract in violation of
The record clearly demonstrates that no contract was ever made. First, the record established that the contract to sell the automobile was never approved by the sales manager as the printed contract form used in this transaction required. Since there was no acceptance, there can be no contract.
This assignment of error is without merit.
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 13:
Defendant‘s final assignment of error is that the trial court erred in finding the defendant guilty as charged.
The standard of review required by due process and set out in Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 99 S.Ct. 2781, 61 L.Ed.2d 560 (1979), is that, viewing the evidence in a light most favorable to the prosecution, any rational trier of fact could have found the defendant guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
The record reflects that the defendant went to a car dealership and attempted to purchase an automobile with a worthless instrument. Without any contract of sale having been made and without the consent of the owner, the defendant took possession of the automobile and drove it off the lot.
This evidence, considered in a light most favorable to the prosecution, supports a finding of guilty of the unauthorized use of
This assignment of error is without merit.
For the above reasons, defendant‘s conviction and the sentence imposed are affirmed.
AFFIRMED.
DOMENGEAUX, C.J., concurs and assigns brief reasons.
DOMENGEAUX, Chief Judge, concurring.
I certainly agree with this clear affirmation, but concur only to emphasize my opinion that this appeal is totally frivolous. It exemplifies the limits some will strive for in order to taunt the judicial system.