State v. RainesState v. Raines
- Reporters:
- ,
- Before:
- Edward A. Dufresne Jr., Clarence E. McManus, James L. Gulotta
The Jefferson Parish District Attorney filed a bill of information on July 9, 1999, charging defendant with possession of cocaine, in violation of
FACTS
The underlying facts in this case are found in thе testimony given at the suppression hearing on December 14, 1999. Deputy Kevin Decker of the Jefferson Parish Sheriff‘s Office testified that on the morning of June 18, 1999, he and his partner were on routine patrol in what they knew to be a high crime area of Marrero. At 1:54 a.m., the officers spotted a Chevrolet Suburban parked on Robinson Avenue with its lights off. The officers turned their high-beam lights on the vehicle and observed that there were two men inside and one man, defendant, standing next to it. Defendant was leaning into the window‘s vehicle and appeared to be engaged in a hand-to-hand transaction with the vehicle‘s occupants.
Decker suspected the subjects were engaged in a narcotics transaction, so he and his partner approached the Suburban to question defendant. Defendant then walked away from the vehicle and shoved his fist into his left front pocket. Concerned that defendant might be trying to hide a weapon, Decker had him step to the rear of the police car, and performed a pat-down search of his clothing. Decker testified that he felt a rock-like object, similar in size and shape to crack cocaine, in the pocket of defendant‘s shorts. He asked defendant what the object was and defendant responded that it was a “ten dollar rock.”
Decker placed defendant under arrest and advised him of his rights. He then performed a search of defendant‘s person incident to arrest. The officer found and seized a cigarette package containing additional crack cocaine. Decker and his partner transported defendant to jail. Once there, Decker removed the crack from the cigarette package. At that time, defendant sаid, “I didn‘t know I broke that much off that rock.”
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NUMBER ONE
In his first assigned error, defendant contends that the trial court erred by denying his motion to suppress evidence. A guilty plea normally waives all nonjurisdictional defects in the proceedings leading up to the guilty plea, and precludes review of such defects either by appeal or post conviction relief. State v. King, 99-1348 (La.App. 5 Cir. 5/17/00), 761 So.2d 791. A defendant may be allowed appellate review if at the time he enters a guilty plea, he expressly reserves his right to appeal a specific adverse ruling in the case. State v. Crosby, 338 So.2d 584 (La.1976). In the present case, defendant fаiled to reserve his right to appeal the trial court‘s denial of his motion to suppress evidence pursuant to State v. Crosby, supra. Accordingly, this issue was not properly preserved for appeal, аnd we decline to consider it. State v. King, supra.
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NUMBER TWO
In his second assigned error, defendant contends that the trial court erred in denying his motion to withdraw his guilty plea. Because a plea of guilty waives an accusеd‘s fundamental rights to a jury trial and to confront his accusers, and his privilege against self-incrimination, due process requires, and the record must show, that the plea was a voluntary and intelligent relinquishmеnt of those rights. Boykin v. Alabama, supra; State v. King, supra; State v. Gonzales, 97-767 (La.App. 5 Cir. 1/14/98), 707 So.2d 82.
On December 14, 1999, defendant entered guilty pleas to the instant cоcaine possession charge as well as to an unrelated theft charge. He was also found guilty by a jury of cocaine distribution on that day. Prior to sentencing on June 13, 2000, defendant made an oral motion to withdraw his guilty plea, arguing the plea was not made knowingly and voluntarily. The judge denied the motion, stating he had conducted the Boykin proceeding, and he was convinced defendant‘s рlea was voluntary. Defendant now appeals that denial. He specifically complains that the trial court based its ruling on the Boykin colloquy, when it should have considered how other factors, such as two other felony convictions entered on the same day, impacted the voluntariness of his guilty plea in the instant case. Defendant moves this court to order an evidentiary hеaring for the purpose of determining the impact the other convictions had on the voluntariness of his guilty plea.
We have considered defendant‘s arguments and find them to be without merit. In the present case, the record clearly shows that defendant was informed of his rights as well as the consequences of his guilty plea, and further that he knowingly and voluntarily waived those rights.
The trial judge began the Boykin colloquy by acknowledging that defense counsel had explained to defendant the three Boykin rights. Defendant stated he understood those rights, and the consequences of waiving them. Defendant informed the court that hе was 52 years of age, and that he had completed the twelfth grade. He said he was able to read and write, and to understand the English language.
The court advised defendant that the maximum sentenсe it could impose for possession of cocaine was five years and/or a $5,000.00 fine. Defendant indicated he understood. The court asked defendant whether he understood the elеments of possession of cocaine, and defendant responded that he did. The judge asked defendant whether anyone had used force, intimidation, coercion or promises in ordеr to compel him to testify. Defendant responded, “No.” The judge explained to defendant that his sentence would be based on the recommendations in the pre-sentence investigation report, and defendant again indicated that he understood.
The plea colloquy continued as follows:
THE COURT:
All right. You have the right to a trial by jury, which jury may either find you guilty as charged, guilty of a lesser crime, or not guilty. You have the right to retain an attorney of your choice to defend you at the trial; if you cannot afford an attorney, one will be appointed for you, which will cost you nothing. By entering a plea of guilty, you‘re waiving or giving up thesе rights; do you understand that?
THE DEFENDANT:
Yes. THE COURT:
At any trial you have the right to confront your accusers and to compel testimony on your behalf from your witnesses. By entering a plea of guilty, you are waiving or giving up these rights, аlso; do you understand that?
THE DEFENDANT:
Yes.
THE COURT:
At any trial you have a privilege against self-incrimination; in other words, the right to remain silent, and the silence cannot be held against you; do you understand that?
THE DEFENDANT:
Yes.
THE COURT:
If you were to gо to trial and in the event of a conviction; that is, should the jury find you guilty, you have the right of an appeal. Again, in the event of an appeal, if you could not afford an attorney, one would bе appointed for you, which would cost you nothing. By entering a plea of guilty, you‘re waiving or giving up these rights; do you understand that?
THE DEFENDANT:
Yes.
THE COURT:
Do you understand you‘re pleading guilty to a felony?
THE DEFENDANT:
Yes.
THE COURT:
You understand that from this day forward you will be a convicted felon?
THE DEFENDANT:
Yes.
The reсord shows that defendant was fully informed of his rights and the consequences of his guilty plea. He was informed of the nature of the charge against him and the statutory sentencing range. There is no indicatiоn in the Boykin colloquy that defendant did not understand his rights or the consequences of waiving them. Moreover, defendant and his attorney completed a guilty plea form, which contains the rights explained to him by the judge. Defendant told the court he was ready to waive his rights and plead guilty under Alford.
As shown by the foregoing discussion, defendant was fully informed of his rights as well as the consequences of his guilty plea. The record does not show that defendant was misled by either the trial court or his attorney. Further, there is no indication that defendant‘s guilty plea was in any way coerced. It appears from defеndant‘s comments in the sentencing transcript that he felt the ten year sentence imposed for his distribution of cocaine conviction was excessive. However, defendant‘s distress over his sеntence in another case does not constitute sufficient grounds for withdrawal of the guilty plea in the instant case. The trial court made no promises to defendant regarding his sentences in аny of the three felony cases. A guilty plea will not be set aside upon a defendant‘s unfulfilled expectation of gaining release as early as possible. State v. Perrilloux, 99-1314 (La.App. 5 Cir. 5/17/00), 762 So.2d 198.
Based on the foregoing, we find that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in denying defendant‘s motion to withdraw his guilty plea.
ERROR PATENT DISCUSSION
We have reviewed the record for errors patent according to
AFFIRMED.