153 S.W.2d 353 | Mo. | 1941
The Prosecuting Attorney of Greene County filed an information jointly charging defendant and one Leroy Ringenberg with the burglary and larceny in having, on December 30, 1939, broken into J.A. Koch Sons' Tire Exchange at Springfield, and stolen therefrom certain automobile tires. Upon his trial, appellant was found not guilty of the burglary charge, but was convicted of grand larceny, and his punishment assessed at imprisonment in the penitentiary for a term of two years. After an unavailing motion for new trial he appealed, but he has not favored us with a brief. We, therefore, look to his motion for new trial for his assignments of error.
No point is made touching the sufficiency of the evidence to make a case for the jury, or to support the verdict. We observe in passing that such point could not be successfully maintained, as the evidence is abundant to sustain the charge.
I. The objections to the State's instructions Nos. 1 and 2 may be considered together inasmuch as they raise substantially the same question. No. 1 was the State's main instruction, the first part of which submitted the issue of burglary in the second degree, as to which defendant was acquitted, as hereinabove noted. The assailed portion, relating to the charge of grand larceny, reads as follows: "You are further instructed that if you find and believe from the evidence that the defendant, Everett Price, at the County of Greene and State of Missouri, on or about the 30th day of December, 1939, did steal, take and carry away the tires mentioned in the evidence, and that the same were the property of J.A. Koch, J.A. Koch, Jr. and L.P. Koch, partners, doing business as the J.A. Koch Sons Tire Exchange, and were worth $30.00 or more, then you will find the defendant guilty of grand larceny etc."
It is contended that the instruction is deficient and erroneous in that it does not [354] properly define the offense of grand larceny. Specifically the complaint is that it does not require the jury to find the taking to have been done feloniously, nor with the felonious intent to convert the tires to defendant's own use without the consent of the owner.
"In a case involving larceny the offense should be defined. Manifestly this may be done either by a separate instruction, as was approved in the case of State v. Gray, 37 Mo. l.c. 464, or by appropriately incorporating an apt definition of larceny in the main instruction, as *363
was done in the case of State v. Yates,
We have been cited to no case, nor have we been able to find one in our reports which upholds an instruction such as the one now under consideration. Our statute [Sec. 4456, R.S. '39, Sec. 4064, Mo. Stat. Ann., p. 2865] defining the offense of grand larceny, insofar as here pertinent, reads as follows: "Every person who shall be convicted of feloniously stealing, taking and carrying away any money, goods, rights in action, or other personal property, or valuable thing whatsoever of the value of thirty dollars or more, . . . belonging to another, shall be deemed guilty of grand larceny." In reviewing the history of this section, and the presence, purpose and meaning of the word "feloniously" therein, Judge FARIS in the Rader case, supra, pointed out that throughout "the statute's existence in its present form [now more than one hundred twenty-five years] . . . this court has by its decisions required that instructions defining this crime make necessary the finding of a felonious intent," citing many cases holding, in substance and effect, that there cannot be a larceny without a felonious intent; that the taking the personal goods of another without this intent may be a trespass, but it cannot amount to larceny.
The instruction condemned by this court in State v. Campbell,
In the recent case of State v. Stewart,
The language of the instruction in authorizing the jury to convict or acquit as to both charges, or convict of one and acquit as to the other is, perhaps, inept, and on another trial should be reframed.
II. There is nothing in the assignment that it was error to fail to instruct the jury that the recent possession of stolen property raises no presumption of guilt. [355] The court gave no instruction on the subject of recent possession of stolen property on the part of the State, nor did defendant request any.
III. Complaint is made respecting the cross-examination of one of defendant's witnesses. The single objection made by defendant to the cross-examination was sustained, so there is nothing for us to review.
IV. The seventh and eighth grounds of the motion for new trial complain of prejudicial argument by the Prosecuting Attorney. The offending remarks which are made the subject of complaint in the seventh ground are not preserved by bill of exceptions, and are, therefore, not open for review. Assignments of motions for new trial do not prove themselves. The only objections made by defendant, as shown by the bill of exceptions (complained of in the eighth paragraph of the motion) were sustained.
V. Other matters are urged, but as they are not likely to recur upon another trial, it is unnecessary to discuss them.
For the error noted, the judgment is reversed and the cause remanded. All concur. *365