State v. OdleState v. Odle
- Reporters:
- , ,
- Before:
- Polley
Appellant was convicted in Hand county of the larceny of three horses belonging to one Neis Johnson. He moved for a new‘trial on the ground, among others, that his conviction was based on the uncorroborated testimony of an acсomplice. The motion was denied and he appeals to this court.
It is not cliamed that appellant persоnally took part in the larceny of the horses. The actual stealing was done by two parties by the names of ‘Anderson and Arnold, in whose possession the horses were found soon after the theft. These parties, when charged with the theft, admitted thеir guilt, but claimed that the stealing was done pursuant to a plan and an agreement entered into between themselves and appellant whereby they were to steal and dispose of the .horses and devide the proceeds with appellant. Anderson and Arnold were the principal witnesses against appellant at the trial, and it was upon their testimony рrincipally, if not wholly, that the conviction is based.
Section 4882, Code 1919, provides that:
“A conviction cannot be had upon the testimony of an accоmplice unless he be corroborated by such other evidence as tends to connect the defendant * * * with the offense, and the corroboration is not sufficient if it merely shows the commission of the offense, or the circumstances thereof.”
*577 This does not mean that .the evidence- aside from the testimony of the accomplice must be sufficient -alone -to -warrant a conviction; neither does it require direct evidence. -Circu’mstances: alone may amount to a suffiсient corroboration, but in either case the corroborating evidence must do more than merely show ‘the commissiоn of the offense. In this case appellant had been- stay” ing in the city of Miller for some time prior to the commission of the offense. Anderson and Arnold were also staying in Miller-,1 and were acquainted with appellant. - They had frequently met: and tаlked with appellant, but there was nothing about their meetK ings that was at all unusual or that appeared to be more than-casual. -
A day or two prior to.the larceny, appellant; at the request of one Runger, had gone out into the country to Runger’s ranch, some considerable distance from Miller, for the purpose of assisting one Hilliard, who was in chargе of said ranch, in rounding’ up certain of Runger’s horses that had escaped from his pasture.Late in the evening of apрellant’s arrival at Runger’s place ‘Am--derson and Arnold arrived there and asked permission to remain over night. They pretеnded that they were out looking for stray .horses, belonging to another party, and on the following morning, they went with appellant and Hilliard to look for stray horses. About the middle of the day they were in the vicinity of the said Neis Johnson’s place and stoрped and had lunch with- Johnson. After lunch they continued the search. ‘While in that vicinity they rode along Johnson’s -pasture and loоked at his.horses, and. while doing so appellant remarked, in substance, that Johnson -had, some good horses, but that he was nоt very well acquainted with, his horses, and that a person could steal some of them,‘and drive them away, and if Johnson were tо meet them in the road he-would not recognize his own horses. No further attention appears to have -been given thеse horses, and said parties continued their search, until toward evening, when they separated, appellant and Hilliаrd returning to Runger’s ranch while Anderson and Arnold proceeded by themselves. Later in the evening they returned to Johnson’s pasture, where, after taking down the fence, they took out the three horses in question and drove them to Miller,, where they arrived bеtween 3-and 4 o’clock in the following morning. At the trial ‘Anderson and Arnold testified that *578they went to Runger’s ranch on the evening previоus to the larceny pursuant to an understanding with appellant, that appellant had worked at Runger’s ranch before, and was familiar with Johnson’s horses, that he had described to them the three horses that they were to take, and that on the following day, when they were riding by Johnson’s pasture, appellant pointed out to them these three horses, and told them that thosе were the horses to take; that they were good horses, and that Johnson would not miss them. If this testimony was true there is no- question as to appellant’s guilt, but there is no evidence aside from this testimony that in any way connects appellant with the larсeny. With their testimony out of the record there is no evidence that would even cast suspicion on appellant.
The fact that appellant was with Anderson and Arnold at.Johnson’s, and saw the horses that were afterwards stolen, and believed that such horses could be easily stolen, if unexplained, is a circumstance that might tend to connect appellаnt with the larceny, but it is proven that appellant was there at the request of and in the employment of Runger, and at the timе he was at Johnson’s and saw Johnson’s horses, was performing the very duty for which he was employed. Therefore this circumstanсe is as consistent with innocence as with guilt, and cannot be held to corroborate the testimony of the accоmplices.
It is also a significant fact that, while Anderson and Arnold had both pleaded guilty to this offense some time prior to аppellant’s trial, neither of them had yet been sentenced; therefore there is grave danger that they were casting the responsibility for the theft of the horses upon the appellant in order to lessen the severity of their own punishment, rаther than because they believed their testimony to be true. They were both self-confessed thieves, and at least onе of them had been guilty of other delinquencies sufficient to show that he was a moral derelict, and that his testimony was entitled tо but little, if any, credibility. It was to prevent convictions upon such testimony as this that the ’ statue above referred to was enacted, and a conviction upon such testimony cannot stand.
The judgment and order appealed from are reversed.