State v. NethersState v. Nethers
For Plaintiff-Appellee
DANIEL H. HUSTON 20 South Second Street 4th Floor Newrak, OH 43055
For Defendant-Appellant
LOREN NETHERS, PRO SE Inmate No. 555-147 North Central Correctional Institution P.O. Box 1812 Marion, OH 43301
{¶1} On October 27, 2006, the Licking County Grand Jury indicted appellant, Loren Nethers, on three counts of sexual battery in violation of
{¶2} A jury trial was held on May 1, 2007. At the close of the state‘s case, the prosecutor moved to dismiss the three rape counts and one of the sexual battery counts. At the close of appellant‘s case, appellant made a
{¶3} The jury found appellant guilty of the remaining counts. By judgment entry filed June 5, 2007, the trial court sentenced appellant to an aggregate term of twelve years in prison. Appellant‘s conviction and sentence were upheld on appeal. See, State v. Nethers, Licking App. No. 07 CA 78, 2008-Ohio-2679.
{¶4} On May 5, 2010, appellant filed a motion to vacate sentence/re-sentence appropriately/motion for new trial. Appellant argued his sentence was void because the verdict form did not contain the degree of the offense nor indicate that an aggravated element was found pursuant to
{¶5} Appellant filed an appeal and this matter is now before this court for consideration. Assignments of error are as follows:
{¶6} “THE TRIAL COURT ERRED BY NOT CORRECTING DEFENDANT-APPELLANT‘S VOID SENTENCE, VIOLATING HIS DUE PROCESS RIGHT.”
II
{¶7} “BECAUSE THE SENTENCE LACKS STATUTORY AUTHORITY AND IS INVALID THE TRIAL COURT HAS DENY (SIC) APPELLANT‘S RIGHT TO APPEAL, BY REFUSING TO CORRECT A ‘VOID SENTENCE‘, DIVESTING THE APPELLATE COURT OF SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION.”
III
{¶8} “THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN SENTENCING APPELLANT WITHOUT THE GUILTY VERDICT HAVING STATED EITHER THE DEGREE OF THE OFFENSE OF WHICH THE APPELLANT IS FOUND GUILTY, OR THAT SUCH ADDITIONAL ELEMENT OR ELEMENTS ARE PRESENT, VIOLATING THE APPELLANT SIXTH AMENDMENT RIGHT TO A JURY TRIAL.”
IV
{¶9} “A JUDGMENT OF CONVICTION MUST INCLUDE THE SENTENCE AND THE MEANS OF CONVICTION, WHETHER BY PLEA, VERDICT, OR FINDING BY THE COURT, TO BE A FINAL APPEALABLE ORDER.”
I
{¶10} Appellant claims the trial court erred in denying his motion to vacate sentence/re-sentence appropriately/motion for new trial.
{¶11} Appellant argues the verdict form failed to conform to the mandates of
{¶13} ”
R.C. §2945.75(A)(2) requires that a guilty verdict state either the degree of the offense of which an offender is found guilty, or that the additional elements that make an offense one of a more serious degree are present. If neither is included,R.C. §2945.75(A)(2) directs that ‘a guilty verdict constitutes a finding of guilty of the least degree of the offense charged.’{¶14} “In Pelfrey, the Supreme Court of Ohio interpreted
R.C. §2945.75(A)(2) and held that ‘a verdict form signed by a jury must include either the degree of the offense of which the defendant is convicted or a statement that an aggravating element has been found to justify convicting a defendant of a greater degree of a criminal offense.’ Id. at syllabus.{¶15} “Appellant raises this challenge in connection with his third-degree felony convictions for Gross Sexual Imposition, in violation of
R.C. §2907.05(A)(4) .{¶16} “***
{¶17} “The verdict form does not contain the degree of the offense or any statement of an aggravating element. Thus, Appellant contends that he can be convicted only of the least degree of the offense. We disagree.
{¶18} “The Tenth District Court of Appeals recently considered and rejected this very argument in terms of GSI convictions. See State v. Kepiro, Franklin App. No. 06AP-1302, 2007-Ohio-4593, at ¶29-34. In Kepiro, the Tenth District held that there are
no additional elements or circumstances over and above the elements of the offense set forth in R.C. §2907.05(A) that enhance the penalty for a GSI conviction. With nothing more than the guilty verdict, an appellant is convicted of a third-degree felony. Thus, the reasoning in Pelfrey was not applicable, and the verdict form did not need to contain the degree of the offense or a statement that an aggravating element had been found by the jury. (See also, State v. Crosky, Tenth Dist. App. No. 06AP-655, 2008-Ohio-145).{¶19} “Upon review of the instant case, we find that the Gross Sexual Imposition statute under which Appellant was charged contains all the necessary elements of the offense. A violation of
R.C. §2907.05(A)(4) is a felony of the third degree. There are no additional elements or circumstances over and above the elements of the offense set forth [in]R.C. §2907.05(A)(4) that enhance the penalty for the conviction. Thus, the verdict form did not need to contain the degree of the offense or a statement that an aggravating element has been found by the jury.” Nethers, at ¶50-57.
{¶20} There was no appeal taken from our decision. In Grava v. Parkman Township, 73 Ohio St.3d 379, 1995-Ohio-331, syllabus, the Supreme Court of Ohio explained res judicata as “[a] valid, final judgment rendered upon the merits bars all subsequent actions based upon any claim arising out of the transaction or occurrence that was the subject matter of the previous action.”
{¶21} Under the doctrine of res judicata, this assignment of error fails as a matter of law.
{¶22} Assignment of Error I is denied.
{¶23} In these assignments, appellant challenges this court‘s jurisdiction to have reviewed his assignments of error in his direct appeal as his sentence was void, and the judgment of conviction.
{¶24} Appellant argues this court had no jurisdiction to hear his direct appeal because his sentence was void. As we found in his direct appeal, appellant‘s sentence was not void.
{¶25} Appellant also argues he had the “right to have the jury find the existence of ‘any particular fact’ that the law makes essential to his punishment,” and cites Blakely v. Washington (2004), 542 U.S. 296, in support. See, Appellant‘s Brief at 10. As held by the Supreme Court of Ohio in State v. Foster, 109 Ohio St.3d 1, 2006-Ohio-856, paragraph seven of the syllabus, “[t]rial courts have full discretion to impose a prison sentence within the statutory range and are no longer required to make findings or give their reasons for imposing maximum, consecutive, or more than the minimum sentences.”
{¶26} Lastly appellant argues the judgment of conviction “does not contain the manner of conviction” (Appellant‘s Brief at 12), and cites State v. Baker, 119 Ohio St.3d 197, 2008-Ohio-3330, syllabus, in support:
{¶27} “A judgment of conviction is a final appealable order under
R.C. 2505.02 when it sets forth (1) the guilty plea, the jury verdict, or the finding of the court upon which the conviction is based; (2) the sentence; (3) the signature of the judge; and (4) entry on the journal by the clerk of court. (Crim.R.32(C) , explained.)”
{¶29} Assignments of Error II, III, and IV are denied.
{¶30} The judgment of the Court of Common Pleas of Licking County, Ohio is hereby affirmed.
By Farmer, P.J.
Wise, J. and
Edwards, J. concur.
_s/ Sheila G. Farmer__________________
_s/ John W. Wise_____________________
_s/ Julie A. Edwards__________________
JUDGES
SGF/sg 314
For the reasons stated in our accompanying Memorandum-Opinion, the judgment of the Court of Common Pleas of Licking County, Ohio is affirmed. Costs to appellant.
_s/ Sheila G. Farmer__________________
_s/ John W. Wise_____________________
_s/ Julie A. Edwards__________________
JUDGES