73 Mo. 647 | Mo. | 1881
This cause is here on appeal from the judgment of the criminal court of Jackson county imposing a fine of $25 on defendant. The indictment charges the defendant with unlawfully advertising and causing to be advertised in a certain newspaper published in the City of Kansas, in the county and State aforesaid, known as-The Kansas City Times, the drawing of a scheme in a lottery, in and by which a certain piano and divers other pieces of property were to be disposed of by lot or chance, on the 16th day of June, 1877; and the indictment is founded upon section 28, page 503, Wagner’s Statutes, which reads as follows: “Any person wrho shall sell or expose to sale, or shall keep on hand for the purpose of sale, or shall advertise or cause to be advertised for sale, or shall aid or assist, or be in anywise concerned in the sale or exposure to sale of any lottery ticket or tickets, or any share or part of any lottery ticket in any lottery or device in the nature of a lottery, within this State or elsewhere, and any person who shall advertise or cause to be advertised the drawing of any scheme in any lottery, and shall
The cause was submitted on an agreed statement of facts, which are substantially as follows: Defendant, as business manager of the Kansas City Times Company, in 1877, caused certain advertisements to be published in the Kansas City Times, a newspaper owned and controlled by said company. The general purport of said advertisements was to the effect that four distributions of premiums would be made to the subscribers of said newspaper during the year 1877, amounting to $20,000 personal property, consisting of pianos, books, guns, sewing machines, and many other useful articles,with the value placed opposite each, and that to each subscriber a ticket or tickets would be given, (in accordance with the time of his subscription,) which was good for all the distributions, provided he had not previously had a prize awarded. The allotments of prizes were superintended by a committee selected by the subscribers themselves at each stated distribution, and the committee allotted the gilts to the different subscribers by drawing tags from a large wheel, and then drawing a tag from a small wheel to correspond with one-drawn from the large wheel, one representing the number of ticket, the other the number of prize. The whole proceeding of distribution was done without any authority, assistance, suggestion or advice of defendant, except that the Times Company furnished the paraphernalia for distribution, that is, the wheels, etc. All the subscribers who were ticket holders in these distributions paid no more for the subscription than the regular rates. The tickets were no enhancement of the subscription rates. Each ticket holder was entitled, when the ticket was properly registered upon the books of the Times Company, to a copy of the Times for the period paid for, and entitled to the four distributions, as stated before. In no instance did the defendant sell any ticket or tickets, nor did he demand a higher price for the news
Upon this statement the court held the defendant guilty, and the only question is, whether the facts agreed ■upon warranted the judgment rendered. It is insisted by defendant that they did not, mainly upon the ground that ■the scheme for drawing and distributing prizes was not a lottery, that the Kansas City Times was-intrinsically worth the subscription price, and that such price was not increased by reason of the scheme. The term lottery has no technical meaning in the law, distinct from its popular signification, and it is defined by various lexicographers, as follows: “A distribution of prizes and blanks by chance— •a game of hazard in which small sums are ventured for the ■chance of obtaining a larger value either in money or other articles.” Worcester Diet. “A scheme for the distribution ■of prizes by chance.” Bouvier’s Diet. “A distribution of ■prizes by lot or chance.” Webster’s Diet. “A kind of game of hazard, wherein several lots of merchandise are ■deposited in prizes for the benefit of the fortunate.” Rees’ Cyclopedia. “A sort of gaming contract by which, for a •valuable consideration, oue may, by favor of the lot, obtain a prize of a value superior to the amount or value of that which he risks.” American Cyclopedia. It, therefore, appears from all these authorities, that when there is a distribution of prizes of some value, by chance or lot, this ■constitutes a lottery. Testing the scheme, which the agreed •statement of facts discloses in this case, by the above definition of the word lottery, and it is clearly embraced by