104 Mo. 644 | Mo. | 1891
— The defendant was indicted in the Polk county circuit court for seduction under promise of marriage, was tried therefor, and sentenced to imprisonment in the penitentiary for a term of two years.
I. The state stood on the uncorroborated evidence of the prosecuting witness in this case. She testified defendant promised to marry her, and under and by virtue of that promise seduced her. Section 1912, Revised Statutes, 1879, provides that “in trials for seduction under promise of marriage, the evidence of the woman, as to such promise, must be corroborated to
II. There was no evidence whatever offered to show that the prosecutrix was a woman of good repute, and in such case there can be no conviction for the offense charged against the defendant in this case. The indictment must allege, and we think the better doctrine is the state must prove in the first instance, that the woman alleged to have been seduced is of “good repute.” 1 Bish. Crim. Proc., secs. 1103-6; Bish. Stat. Cr. [2 Ed.] sec. 648; State v. Hill, supra. It is true the law presumes that every woman is chaste and of good repute, till the contrary appears ; but so also does the law presume every one to be innocent of crime, till he be proven guilty. Hence we have one presumption nullifying the other, and in criminal trials the presumption of the innocence of the accused must x>revail, till it be overcome by evidence beyond a reasonable doubt.
III. The instructions refer the jury to the indictment to determine what they must find in order to convict. This is error. It is the duty of the court, in plain and concise language, to define the offense accurately and tell the jury the essential facts necessary to be found to authorize a conviction. That was not done in this case.
The judgment is reversed and cause remanded.