226 Mo. 538 | Mo. | 1910
Lead Opinion
This is an appeal from a conviction and sentence of the circuit court of Maries county. On the 5th of October, 1908, the prosecuting attorney of said county filed an amended information charging the defendants, together with James Denton and Lafayette Sneed, with the crime of obtaining money by means of false and fraudulent representations. The cause was dismissed as to Denton and Lafayette Sneed, and the defendants Albert Martin and William Sneed
“Joseph W. Mosby, prosecuting attorney within and for the county of Maries in the State of Missouri, upon his oath of office informs the court that heretofore, to-wit, on or about the 9th day of November, 1907, and long prior thereto, at the county of Maries and State of Missouri, one D. B., Wilcox, was the owner of a certain tract of land situate, lying and being in said county of Maries in the State of Missouri, described as follows, to-wit:
“The west half of section twenty-eight, and the west half of the southeast quarter of section twenty-eight, the northwest quarter of section thirty-three, and the south half of section thirty-three, all in township thirty-nine of range ten.
• “And that the said D. B. Wilcox, as the owner of said tract of land, was then and there entitled to have and receive from one W. D. Bull, a certain sum of money, to-wit, the sum of fifteen dollars, on account of and for timber which the said W. D. Bull had theretofore cut and removed from said tract of land, and that on the said 9th day of November, 1907, at the said county of Maries and State aforesaid, James S. Denton, Albert Martin, William Sneed and Lafayette Sneed, with the intent then and there unlawfully and feloniously to cheat and defraud the said W. D. Bull, then and there unlawfully, knowingly and feloniously did falsely and fraudulently represent, state and pretend to the said W. D. Bull that the said James S. Denton was then and there the said D. B. Wilcox, the owner of the said described tract of land, and that he, the said James S. Denton, so falsely and fraudulently represented as the said D. B. Wilcox, as aforesaid, was*544 then and there entitled to have and receive from the said W. D. Bull the said sum of fifteen dollars on account of and for timber which the said W. D. Bull had cut and removed from the said tract of land aforesaid, and that the said W. D. Bull believed said false and fraudulent representation, statements, and pretenses, so made as aforesaid by the said James S.' Denton, Albert Martin, "William Sneed and Lafayette Sneed, to be true, and being deceived thereby, was induced by reason thereof to then and there pay, and did pay, to said James S. Denton the said sum of money, to-wit, the sum of fifteen dollars, and that the said James Denton, Albert Martin, William Sneed and Lafayette Sneed by means and by use of the said false and fraudulent representations, statements and pretenses so made as aforesaid, then and there unlawfully, knowingly and feloniously did obtain from him, the said W. D. Bull, the said sum of fifteen dollars, in money of the value of fifteen dollars, the property and money of him, the said W. D. Bull then and there being, with the intent then and there unlawfully and feloniously to cheat and defraud him, the said W. D. Bull, of the same, whereas, in truth and in fact, the said James S. Denton, was not the said D. B. Wilcox, and was not the owner of the said described land, and the said James S. Denton, Albert Martin, William Sneed and Lafayette Sneed, or either of them, did not then and there have any right or authority whatever to collect, have or receive from the said W. D. Bull the said sum of fifteen dollars in money or any part thereof, for or on account of timber cut and removed from said tract of land by said W. D. Bull, or on any account whatever. And the said James S. Denton, Albert Martin, William Sneed and Lafayette Sneed, then and there well knew the said false and fraudulent representations, statements and pretenses, made as aforesaid, to be false j against the peace and dignity of the Státe,” etc,
t. Before proceeding to an examination of the other alleged errors, the first proposition presented by the defendants is that this is a prosecution either under section 1927 or 1930, Revised Statutes 1899, and consequently that the offense, conceding the guilt of the defendants, is but a misdemeanor and punishable only as petit larceny, whereas, the court construed the indictment as charging an offense under section 2213, Revised Statutes 1899, and consequently a felony, and accordingly instructed the jury, and the jury assessed their punishment as and for a felony and they were sentenced to the penitentiary for a period of three years each.
The statute law of this State on the subject of obtaining money by means of false and fraudulent representations, until 1879, was incorporated in what is now known as section 1927, Revised Statutes 1899. It'was first enacted by the Territorial Legislature in 1808. Under this section it has been ruled that the guilty party was liable to be punished by imprisonment in ’the penitentiary if the amount of money or property obtained by the false pretense was such as would havé sustained a conviction for grand larceny, had he stolen it, and if less he is punishable as for petit larceny. In State v. Pickett, 174 Mo. 663, this section was brought in juxtaposition with section 2213 of the same revision, and it was pointed out that under section 1927 the false pretense must have been “designedly” used to obtain the money or other val
If we are to follow the decision in State v. Pickett, supra, we think it is apparent that the information in this case is insufficient to charge an offense under section 1927, as it utterly fails to charge that the alleged false pretense was “designedly” used to obtain the money or other valuable thing.
Does it sufficiently charge an offense under section 2213? It will be seen that the pleader by way of inducement states the exact relationship of all the parties, the ownership of the land by Wilcox, the cutting of the timber thereon by Bull without authority of law and the false and fraudulent representation . of the defendants to Bull that Denton, one of their co-conspirators, was then and there Wilcox, the owner of the said described tract of land, and was entitled to have and receive from Bull $15 on account of and for the timber which Bull had cut and removed from said tract, and that Bull believing said false and fraud
II. As to the second assignment of error, to-wit, that there was no evidence that defendants received any part of the money paid by Bull to Denton, counsel have evidently overlooked the record. Denton testified positively that he paid Sneed and Martin each one-third of the $115, including that which he had received from Bull and from the other parties in the neighborhood, who had been cutting the timber on this land.
III. It is insisted that the court erred in refusing the following instruction:
“The court instructs the jury that if they believe from the evidence that "the money paid by W. D. Bull*549 to James Denton was for the purpose of preventing a criminal prosecution against him for cutting timber from the lands of David B. Wilcox, then they should find defendants not guilty. ”
Upon what theory the defendants insist upon this instruction, we are not advised. Concede that Bull and his neighbors had been trespassing upon the lands of Wilcox and cutting the timber thereon without authority, and that they might have been prosecuted criminally therefor, how does it lessen the offense of these defendants, who were not the owners of the land and timber, that, seizing upon their knowledge of the illegal taking of the timber, they concocted the scheme of extorting money from Bull and his neighbors by representing Denton to be Wilcox and causing him to make a demand for payment for the timber, which neither he nor they were entitled to.' We think the court properly brushed aside this instruction. Whateyer offense Bull was guilty of, it formed no justification for the criminal conduct of these defendants in extorting money from him by means of the false and fraudulent representations and fraudulent simulation of Mr. Wilcox.'
IV. The refusal of the following instruction is assigned as error:
“The court instructs the jury that there is no evidence to prove that W. D. Bull cut any timber from the lands described in the information and they will therefore acquit the defendants.”
This instruction was properly refused because Bull .testified that he had cut ties from the Wilcox land. And knowing that he had, he fell an easy victim to the fraudulent scheme of the defendants, who were also cognizant of his cutting the timber.
V. Defendants also challenge the instructions given by the court upon the ground that they permitted the jury to find the defendants guilty of a felony. No other error is predicated on the court’s
YI. There was no error in refusing the instruction designated as “E” for the. reason that the subject of the credibility of the witnesses, including Den-ton, was fully covered by instructions number 10 and 11 given by the court of its own motion.
Discovering no reversible error in the record and the proceedings the judgment of the circuit court must be and is affirmed.
Rehearing
ON MOTION FOR REHEARING.
At the April term, 1909', this cause was argued and decided and the judgment affirmed against both the defendant Albert Martin and William Sneed. Separate motions for rehearing were filed and the motion of Sneed was overruled, and the motion of the defendant Martin was sustained, and the cause set down for rehearing, in order that the record might be re-examined as to whether the defendant Albert ■ Martin was identified by the testimony as one of the parties who had conspired with the said Denton and obtained the money of the said Bull and the other parties who had cut the timber, by means of the fraudulent representations and pretenses. The cause was reheard and submitted upon new briefs by counsel for Martin, in which it was earnestly insisted that the defendant Albert Martin was not identified as one of the
Addressing ourselves now to tbis contention, we find in the evidence of Bull, tbe following: “Q. Are you acquainted with Albert Martin? A. Yes, sir.” It will be borne in mind that tbe defendant Albert Martin was then on trial and present in court. "He was then asked if be saw “William Sneed, Alvin Sneed, Robert Martin, Ralph Wilcox or James Denton on tbe 19th of November, 1907. A. All but Alvin Sneed.”
Thereupon James Denton was called as a witness, and it appears that be was asked tbis question: “You are acquainted with Robert Martin? A. Yes, sir. Q. William Sneed? A. Yes, sir. Q. Alvin? A. Yes, sir. Q. How long have you been acquainted with these three men? A. I have known Martin for tbe last five years, Mr. Sneed for tbe last year, I do not know exactly.” Later on Denton testified: “Sneed then asked me if I knew Robert Martin; then be began to tell me, in tbe presence of Chas. Davis, what bis business was and what a fine thing be bad of making some money. He said there was some fellows making ties on land up close to bis home, on land belonging to a man in California and another man in Detroit, Michigan, and then be asked me if I would come and pass myself off in tbe name of Wilcox and make these fellows compromise for chopping tbe ties, so I told him that I would not do that, and-be says; ‘All right.’ Then be goes away and comes back later on, I do not know tbe exact date. He comes back again and asks me and I refuse again. Then be comes tbe third time and asks me and I said I would. He gave me fifty cents to pay my way to Dixon, which fare is forty cents. He told me Robert Martin bad made tbe other arrangements, and that be would meet me at Dixon and give me tbe plans of the grounds they bad chopped the ties on. I came to Dixon and met Martin. He punched me in tbe side and said, ‘It will not do for
Later on in his testimony, Denton testified to receiving the money from Bull and from another party
He testified further that Mr. Martin gave him a plat and said he got it from Mr. Holmes of Vienna, a relative of Mr. Holmes of Eolia.
W. H. Holmes testified: “ Q. Are you acquainted with Albert Martin? A. Yes, sir. Q. I will ask you if you saw him in the month of November, 1907. A. Yes, sir, he came to me and asked me to make a plat of some land in Maries county, but I am not certain
James West testified: “Q'. Are you acquainted with Albert Martin? A. Yes,, sir. Q. How long have you known him? A. Fifteen years. Q. I will ask you whether you saw Albert Martin on the 18th of last November, 1907, on the road from Dixon to Vienna? A. I saw him there in November, but do not remember the exact date. Q. Do you remember when the trouble occurred, about the people getting into trouble for cutting timber out on Dry Creek? A. Yes, sir. Q. Was it about that time? A. It was the same week I heard about the trouble. Q. Where did you see him on the Dixon road that day? A. He was about three-fourths of a mile this side of Dixon. Q. Who, if any one, was with him? A. I do not know the man. He was a stranger with him. Q. How were they traveling? A. They were in a wagon.”
Mrs. Ethel Hanks testified that in November, 1907, she lived one and one half miles from Haden; she was acquainted with Albert Martin. “Q. I will ask if you remember seeing Albert Martin on the evening of November 18, 1908, pass along by your house in a wagon? A. Yes, sir. Q. What else was in the wagon? A.. He had a small barrel, this was late in the evening.”
John Bull testified that Denton, alias Wilcox, called on him on the 19th of November, 1907, at the sawmill and demanded fifteen dollars for chopping timber on his ground, and that he got the money and went to William Sneed’s that evening to pay him. Albert Blackwell, or Ebb Blackwell, and Robert Martin were there. This, was on the occasion that Albert Blackwell testified that Albert Martin was the Martin that was present at that time.
Robert Sneed testified that he was a cousin of the defendant William Sneed and lived in that neighborhood in November, 1907; that Denton, under the name of Wilcox, made a demand on him also for fifteen dollars for timber. That when he got to Mr. Will Sneed’s house that evening he saw Albert Blackwell and William Sneed, Martin and Bull, and this fellow they called James Denton; he then paid him the money and took his receipt.
Charles Davis testified that he lived in Rolla, Missouri, in November, 1907; was in the barber business. He was acquainted with Albert Martin and
This is sufficient reproduction of the testimony on this proposition. Keeping in view the fact that Albert Martin was one of the defendants in the case and that the court submitted to the jury the question whether the defendants Albert Martin and William Sneed conspired with James Denton to obtain the money and property of W; D. Bull by means of the false pretenses, and that the jury responded to the instruction by finding, not that Robert Martin was a party to the said fraudulent scheme, but that the defendant Albert Martin was, the question is now, whether the misnomer of the defendant Albert Martin by the style of Robert Martin entitled him to a reversal of this judgment. A careful scrutiny of this evidence will show, we think, that the designation of the defendant as Robert by the stenographer in his notes was a clear mistake. Davis, the barber, in whose shop Denton worked in Rolla, testified to William Sneed and Albert Martin, the two defendants herein, coming to his shop to see Denton in November, 1907, before this fraudulent trick was perpetrated on these parties in Maries county. The evidence of Mrs, Hanks corroborated that of Den-ton to the effect that, on the day before this fraudulent device was carried into effect in that neighborhood, she saw Albert Martin, whom she knew well, coming along the road from Dixon, in a wagon with a small barrel in it. Denton says he rode in that wagon with Martin and that the latter had a keg of nails in the wagon. That the Martin with whom Denton was riding was Albert Martin there was ample evidence to substantiate.
Robert Sneed paid his contribution to the scheme at William Sneed’s and the evidence of Albert Blackwell establishes that the defendant Albert Martin was present at that time with Denton and William Sneed.
Claude Denton also testified that Albert Martin, the defendant, came to bim in tbe Arcade saloon and said, “If you will get your brother to play crazy and not appear against me, I will give you any thing you want.” He told bim to state tbe price and Claude said be could not do that.
That there was ample evidence to show that Albert Martin, tbe defendant, was one of tbe parties to this conspiracy, notwithstanding tbe fact that in some way tbe name of Robert has crept into tbe record at various places, we think there can be no doubt whatever. In fact there is no evidence that there ever was such a man as Robert Martin outside of tbe mere inaccurate designation of tbe defendant himself as such. This cause was prosecuted against Albert Martin and William Sneed, they were tbe defendants on trial and tbe evidence tends to show that they were tbe two parties who first conceived this crime and went to Rolla and procured tbe services of Denton, an ex-convict, in carrying it out. Notwithstanding tbe misnomer of “Robert,” there still remains ample evidence to show it was Albert Martin, tbe defendant in this cause, who went to Rolla and engaged James Denton at Dixon and took bim out in a wagon to Dry Creek. It was Albert Martin who procured tbe plat of tbe land of Holmes and gave tbe names of tbe trespassers who bad been cutting timber thereon, together with this plat, to James Denton, and furnished Wilcox’s name to Denton. There was no misnomer in bis name when be was recognized by tbe witnesses as being
Section 2534, Revised Statutes 1899, provides: “Whenever on the trial of any felony or misdemeanor, there shall appear to be any variance between the statement in the indictment or information and the evidence offered in proof thereof, in the Christian name or surname, or both Christian name and surname, or other description whatsoever, or any person whomsoever therein named or described, or in the name or description of any matter or thing whatsoever therein named or described, or in the ownership of any property named or described therein, such variance shall not be deemed grounds for an acquittal of the defendant, unless the court before which the trial shall be had shall find that' such variance is material to the merits of the case and prejudicial to the defense of the defendant.”
■ A careful reading of this whole testimony will show that at most this name of Robert was but a mistaken description or a variance in the name of the defendant Albert Martin who was on trial. Notwithstanding this misnomer of the defendant, the other evidence in the case points unerringly and conclusively to this defendant Albert Martin not only as one of the parties guilty of this fraudulent trick and device, but that he was the principal conspirator in the matter. Had this point, now made in this court for the first time, been called directly to the attention of the circuit