103 N.W. 565 | N.D. | 1905
The defendant was convicted of willfully and unlawfully killing a horse, contrary to the provisions of section 7506, Rev. Codes 1899, and sentenced to one year’s imprisonment in the penitentiary. Pie assigns as error, among others, the giving of certain instructions, one of which was in the following language: “If you find from the evidence that any witness has sworn falsely as to any material fact or issue in this -case, you should- receive ■the testimony of such witness with caution. You have a right to reject the statement of su-cfi witnesses, excepting in so far as they may be corroborated by other credible evidence.” This in
Tire court further instructed the jury as follows: “On the other hand, the rule of law requiring the j-urors to be satisfied of the defendant’s guilt beyond a reasonable doubt, in order to warrant a conviction, does -not require that you should be satisfied beyond a reasonable doubt of each link in the -chain of circumstances relied upon -to- establish the defendant’s guilt.” This court passed upon an instruction in substantially the same language in State v. Young, 9 N. D. 165, 82 N. W. 420, and held the same prejudicially erroneous. In t-hat -case the court said: “The vice of the instruction is manifest. Where a conviction is sought upon circumstantial evidence, and the circumstances -are interdependent, and the relevan-cy and probative -force of each circumstance depends upon the truth of one or more other circumstances, s-o that the metaphor of a -chain -can with any propriety be used, then it is -clear that each circumstance must be established beyond a reasonable doubt, because, if any link or circumstance be lacking, the evidence ceases to be a -drain, and is sim-ply fragments of a chain. If any one circumstance -or link be weak, the whole chain must be w-eak, because a chain cannot be stronger than the weakest link. The instruction in such a case -coul-d not be otherwise than prejudicial. If the circumstances relied upon by -the prosecution are independent, each depending for its force upon its own truth-, -and only that, then the chain metaphor is entirely inapplicable, and its only effect -must be to confuse and mislead a jury.” The authorities bearing upon the correctness of this instruction are collected- in the opinion in that case. Under the holding -of t-hat -case, we have no hesitation in holding that the instruction was misleading and prejudicial.
It follows that the judgment must be reversed, a new trial granted, and the cause remanded for -further proceedings.