738 S.E.2d 601 | Ga. | 2013
The State has filed a timely direct appeal from the trial court’s grant of new trials to appellees Christopher James and Herman Lawson, co-indictees who were convicted in 2008 of malice murder in separate jury trials in the Superior Court of Fulton County. See OCGA § 5-7-1 (a) (7). After conducting a de novo review of the trial court’s ruling, we conclude the trial court erred and reverse the trial court’s order granting new trials to James and Lawson.
Appellees James and Lawson and two other men were charged in an indictment with the August 2005 murders of Jeremiah Ingram and Fatima Fisher. James and Lawson were convicted of murder in separate trials; another co-defendant was acquitted in a trial that took place after the trials of appellees; and the fourth co-indictee pled guilty to a charge of voluntary manslaughter. Both appellees filed timely motions for new trial and after conducting a hearing on appellee James’s motion, the trial court issued an order in September 2011 that granted new trials to both appellees. The trial court based its grant of new trials on the unavailability at appellees’ trials of a piece of evidence that was available at the trial of the co-indictee who was acquitted. The evidence at issue is the second page of the three-page investigative summary compiled by the Office of the Fulton County Medical Examiner.
1. Appellees maintain the trial court did not abuse its discretion in granting them new trials. While the first grant of a new trial on the general grounds is reviewed for abuse of discretion (see OCGA § 5-5-50), we review de novo the trial court’s first grant of a new trial on a special ground involving a question of law. O’Neal v. State, 285 Ga. 361, 362-363 (677 SE2d 90) (2009). See also State v. Kelly, 290 Ga. 29, 30-31 (718 SE2d 232) (2011); State v. Clements, 289 Ga. 640 (1) (715 SE2d 59) (2011). The grant of new trials to James and Lawson was based on a special ground and therefore will be reviewed de novo.
2. Both appellees contended in their respective amended motions for new trial that the State violated Brady v. Maryland, supra, by suppressing evidence favorable to the accused, i.e., the second page of the medical examiner’s report, that could be used to impeach the testimony of the sole eyewitness. To prevail on their Brady claim, appellees were required to show four factors: (1) the State, including any part of the prosecution team, possessed evidence favorable to the defendant;
Having reversed the trial court’s grant of the motions for new trial, we reinstate appellees’ convictions and sentences and remand the case to the trial court for a ruling on the remaining grounds set forth in appellees’ amended motions for new trial. State v. Clements, 289 Ga. 640 (6) (715 SE2d 59) (2011).
Judgment reversed and case remanded.
The missing page, denoted as “Page 2 of 3,” described both victims as being “warm to the touch and showing] no signs of rigor mortis,” noted that neighborhood residents had told police of hearing gunshots at daybreak, and reported that the bodies of the victims were found by a passerby at 8:30 a.m.
The trial court made it clear in its order that it found no evidence of malfeasance or misfeasance with regard to the missing page, noting that the copy in the prosecutor’s case file was also missing the second page. The trial court surmised it was the result of photocopying the three-page report without realizing the report was a two-sided document.
Impeachment evidence falls within the Brady rule. Schofield v. Palmer, 279 Ga. 848, 852 (621 SE2d 726) (2005).
A prosecutor is presumed to have knowledge of all information gathered in connection with his or her office’s investigation of the case and has a duty to learn of favorable evidence known to others acting on the government’s behalf in the case. Head v. Stripling, 277 Ga. 403 (1) (A) (590 SE2d 122) (2003). Whether a person is on the prosecution team is analyzed on a case-by-case basis, taking into account whether the person is acting on the government’s behalf in the case and the extent of interaction, cooperation, and dependence of the agents working on the case. Id. Employees of the Georgia Crime Lab were found to be part of the prosecution team in Harridge v. State, 243 Ga. App. 658 (1) (534 SE2d 113) (2000), while an employee of the
The pages of the medical examiner’s report received by Lawson and James were denoted as “Page 1 of 3” and “Page 3 of 3.”