Defendant-appellant, Dorothy M. Jackson, was charged by information in the district court for Douglas County with murder in the second degree and the use of a knife to commit a felony. After a jury trial, defendant was found guilty on both counts. Defendant wаs sentenced to 35 years in the Nebraska Center for Women at York on the murder charge and to a consecutive term of 6 2/3 to 20 years on the knife charge. Defendant timely appealed to this court and assigns two errors, alleging that the trial court erred (1) in overruling the defendant’s motion for a mistrial and (2) in overruling the defendant’s motion to have the State’s expert witness sequestered. We affirm.
The record, reviewed in the light most favorable to the State,
State v. Jones,
The defendant was placed in custody and tаken to Omaha police headquarters. Although the defendant was not questioned
The victim was 68 years old and had Pаrkinson’s disease. He had some difficulty walking at all times. After drinking, he would either have to crawl, hang onto things, or receive assistance in order to get around. Defendant was 44 years old. She was not married to the victim, but had lived with him for 4 years befоre the murder. Defendant and the victim were drinking throughout the day on May 16, 1987, in the garage behind their residence. A 9-year-old neighbor testified that he had heard defendant “cussing” the victim and saw the defendant go into the residence, return with a knife, and stаb the victim, who was seated in a chair. A 75-year-old neighbor woman testified that the defendant had gone to her home immediately after the stabbing and that while at her home the defendant said, “Miss Rose ... I did it, I did it, I did it.” Defendant testified that she had stabbed thе victim, but claimed she acted in self-defense, in that the “battered wife” syndrome prevented her from correctly assessing the situation she was in.
With regard to defendant’s first assignment of error, insofar as she contends that the court erred in pеrmitting the prosecutor to cross-examine defendant “extensively on a collateral matter, severely prejudicing the Defendant before the jury,” we need only say that error, if any at all, was adequately corrected by thе court’s instruction to the jury to ignore such evidence. The question stems from the defendant’s position that she, because of a “battered wife” syndrome, had the perception that, under the Nebraska law of justification or self-defense (NJI 14.33), she could not retreat from the situation before her and that she was in imminent danger. Defendant’s counsel admitted, and later the court instructed the jury, that defendant did not contest the facts that she was not in imminent danger and that she cоuld have retreated.
The issue of the appropriateness of the “battered wife” syndrome evidence is not before this court because the issue was submitted to the jury in the manner desired by the defendant, and no party raises any issuе in this court on that issue. What is before the court is the propriety of the way in which certain evidence, brought forward by the State in its cross-examination of defendant, was handled.
Apparently, in order to provide a basis for the application of the “battered wife” syndrome, defendant adduced testimony that she had been victimized by men during a substantial portion of her life.
The defendant testified that she had been sexually abused by her uncle on repeated oсcasions beginning when she was 8 years old and that when she was 13 years old her father began to sexually penetrate her, resulting in a pregnancy. The father was eventually sentenced to serve a 10-year prison term for incest.
The defendant also testified that she had been married for 10 years to a man with whom she had two children. The defendant testified that this man physically abused her during the entire course of their marriage.
During the last 2 years of the defendant’s relationshiр with the victim, the defendant testified, the victim began to physically and emotionally abuse her. The couple drank heavily, particularly on weekends, and would have heated arguments. During the course of these arguments the defendant аlleged she received bloody noses and black eyes and, on one occasion, on January 28, 1987, was taken to a hospital after she sustained cracked ribs when the victim struck her with a gin bottle.
The defendant testified that, on that оccasion, she had told hospital employees and the police that she had been beaten by unknown parties. She further testified that she had not told the
police that the victim had struck her, in order to protect
Q. Is that the last time you went to the hospital for any type of injury, before John died?
A. Yes, it is.
Q. You’re positive about that? I want you to think about this.
A. For an injury?
Q. Uh-hum.
A. The cracked ribs. Yes.
Q. On January 28th?
A. As far as I remember, yes. I’ve been back to the hospital but it wasn’t for that.
Q. How about did you go to the hospital for any type of injury within a couple of weeks before John died?
A. No.
Q. You’re absolutely positive about that?
A. No, I’m not positive. I just can’t...
Q. Specifically, I want to call your attention to Sunday, May thе 10th, 1987. Do you remember — that’s only six days before John died. Do you recall what you did that day?
A. No, I don’t.
Q. Did you go to the hospital that day?
A. I could have.
Q. You don’t remember?
A. I remember before John died I — before he died, yes, I did go to the hospital.
Q. All right. If you went to the hospital on May the 10th, do you know why you went to the hospital?
A. I was feeling lightheaded and dizzy.
Q. Were you physically injured?
A. No.
Q. Isn’t it a fact, Miss Jackson, that on Sunday, May the 10th, 1987, you spent all day drinking beer and drinking wine coolers and you fell down and hurt yourself and the police took you to the hospital?
Q. Do you remember that happening?
A. No.
At this time, the defendant’s counsel objected as to relevancy and on the grounds that the prosecutor had violated the rules of discovery by not disclosing the medical report which indicated that the defendant had been to the hospital on May 10.
The determination of whether to grant a motion fоr a mistrial lies within the discretion of the trial court. A mistrial is properly granted when an event occurs during the course of the trial which is of such a nature that its damaging effect cannot be removed by proper admonition or instruction tо the jury and thus would result in preventing a fair trial.
State v. Fraser,
The trial court overruled the defendant’s motion for mistrial, but did instruct the jury to disregard all testimony given by the defendant beyond where she denied any recollection of having gone to the hospital. When thе trial court grants a motion to strike testimony and the jury is admonished to disregard it, ordinarily, any error is thereby considered cured.
State v. Archbold,
Defendant cites this court to
State v. Zobel,
Defendant also relied on
State
v.
Watkins,
While these cases corrеctly state the law in this area, they have no application to the case at bar, since the prosecutor’s
The defendant’s argument that the court erred by not granting a mistrial because the prosecutor had failed to disclose the hospital report prior to the trial also fails. Pursuant to
Brady v. Maryland,
The defendant also assigns as error the trial court’s actions in overruling defendant’s motion to have the State’s expert witness sequestered. The court ruled on defendant’s motion as follows:
[Y]our motion to sequester the normal, everyday witnesses, that’s granted____
So far as the presence of [the State’s expert witness] is concerned at the time the defendant [and the defendant’s
expert testify].
. . . [The State’s expert witness] may be present in the courtroom.
The law is clear in this area:
At the request of a party the judge shall order witnesses excluded so that they cannot hear the testimony of other witnesses, and he may make the order on his own motion. This rule does not authorize exclusion of (1) a party who is a natural person, or (2) аn officer or employee of a party which is not a natural person designated as its representative by its attorney, or (3) a person whose presence is shown by a party to be essential to the presentation of his cause.
Neb. Rev. Stat. § 27-615 (Reissue 1985).
The prosecutor informed the court as to why the presence of the State’s expert witness was essential to the State’s case:
Further, your Honor, Dr. Kenney has no opportunity under the law, unless the defense allоws me to, to examine the defendant at all, other than to be present in court when she testifies. Further, the State should be allowed the assistance of Dr. Kenney to be present with the State at the time the expert of the defensе testifies for several reasons, one of which is that no medical report has ever been provided to me by the defense from Dr. Mary Kenning... . [Dr. Kenney] will be able to .. . assist the State in how to proceed with Dr. Mary Kenning where I would not be аble to do so.
In addition, the prosecutor designated Dr. Kenney as the State’s representative during the testimony of defendant’s witness Dr. Kenning.
Affirmed.