214 Conn. 476 | Conn. | 1990
The defendant, Harland S. Haye, has appealed from his conviction upon a conditional plea of nolo contendere
The defendant’s claim is based on the following procedural facts. On December 15, 1987, an information charging the defendant with the crime of murder was filed in the Hartford Superior Court. Pursuant to § 54-46a, a probable cause hearing was scheduled for February 5, 1988. On February 5, 1988, the state requested, without objection by the defendant, that the probable cause hearing be continued for six days, due to the state’s difficulty in procuring its witnesses. The court, Byrne, J., granted the continuance and rescheduled the probable cause hearing for February 11,1988.
The state, however, was unable to secure three of its witnesses by February 11, 1988, and on that date again requested that the court, Byrne, J., continue the date of the probable cause hearing. Recognizing that its request would establish a hearing date beyond the sixty day limit provided in § 54-46a (b),
The defendant objected to the requested continuance, arguing as follows: “This is the second continuance the State has had. This was originally scheduled for — on— last week, on February 5th and the State was given a continuance until today, to try and get their witnesses, as he stated. Subpoenas have not been issued. The defendant certainly objects to any continuance beyond the sixty day period. I don’t believe there’s any cause on the defendant’s part. I mean — he hasn’t necessitated the delay in any way and I don’t think he should be penalized because the State can not produce their witnesses. I would object to the delay.”
Despite the defendant’s objection, the court granted the state’s request for a continuance and rescheduled the probable cause hearing for February 25,1988. The court stated in making its ruling, that “the State [had] shown good cause, but [that it would] not give any extension past February 25th.” The defendant then asked that his objection to the continuance be noted.
On September 23,1988, the defendant filed another motion to dismiss the information charging him with murder. The defendant argued that the granting of the state’s second continuance had violated his due process rights, because the extension was granted solely on the representations of the state, rather than on findings of fact made pursuant to an evidentiary hearing. Because the continuance had been improperly granted, causing the probable cause hearing to be improperly delayed, argued the defendant, the court lacked jurisdiction to try him for the crime of murder. The court, Freed, J., denied the defendant’s motion, citing two reasons for its ruling: the defendant’s failure to object on February 11, 1988, to the fact that no evidentiary hearing was held; and the court’s finding that the uncontested representations made by the state were “sufficient, both procedurally and factually, for a finding and a determination that there was good cause shown and that a continuance could properly be granted pursuant to the Statute.” The defendant thereafter entered a conditional plea of nolo contendere to the charge of murder.
The defendant renews on appeal his claim that the court had no jurisdiction to try him for the crime of murder, because the probable cause hearing was not
It is not disputed that the defendant “has a constitutional right not to be tried without probable cause being found according to the procedures set forth in General Statutes § 54-46a . . . . ” State v. Ramos, 201 Conn. 598, 602-603, 519 A.2d 9 (1986). That statute provides that a probable cause hearing “shall be conducted within sixty days of the filing of the complaint or information in superior court” unless “extended by the court for good cause shown.” General Statutes § 54-46a (b). The statute contains no requirement that an evidentiary hearing be held prior to the court’s finding of good cause.
The defendant argues that an evidentiary hearing was required despite his failure to object to the representations made by the state, because representations of counsel, absent the presentation of evidence, cannot support a finding of good cause to continue a probable cause hearing. We find no merit to the defendant’s claim.
The only question before us, therefore, is whether, based upon the state’s representations, the court erred in granting the state’s request for a continuance. In answering this question, we find instructive those cases dealing with requests for continuances in other contexts. “The law is clear that requests for continuances are matters of judicial discretion and that on review every reasonable presumption in favor of the trial court’s discretionary ruling will be made. State v. McKnight, 191 Conn. 564, 577, 469 A.2d 397 (1983); State v. Bethea, 167 Conn. 80, 84, 355 A.2d 6 (1974). The trial court’s decision will be reversed only if it represents a gross abuse of discretion . ‘ “ ‘There are no mechanical tests for deciding when a denial of a continuance is so arbitrary as to violate due process.’ ” ’ State v. McKnight, supra, 576; State v. Bethea, supra. Rather, the answer must be found in the particular facts of each individual case. State v. McKnight, supra.” State v. Gordon, 197 Conn. 413, 424B, 504 A.2d 1020 (1985). The party seeking the continuance has the burden of establishing good cause for such a continuance. See id.
Under the circumstances of this case, the court did not abuse its discretion in granting the state’s request for a continuance for good cause shown. The state represented that it was having difficulty in procuring several essential witnesses, articulated the reasons for the
There is no error-.
In this opinion the other justices concurred.
General Statutes § 54-94a provides: “When a defendant, prior to the commencement of trial, enters a plea of nolo contendere conditional on the right to take an appeal from the court’s denial of the defendant’s . . . motion to dismiss, the defendant after the imposition of sentence may file an appeal within the time prescribed by law. The issue to be considered in such an appeal shall be limited to whether it was proper for the court to have denied . . . the motion to dismiss. A plea of nolo contendere by a defendant under this section shall not constitute a waiver by the defendant of nonjurisdictional defects in the criminal prosecution.”
General Statutes § 53a-54a provides in pertinent part: “(a) A person is guilty of murder when, with intent to cause the death of another person, he causes the death of such person or of a third person . . . .”
General Statutes § 54-46a provides in pertinent part: “(a) No person charged by the state, who has not been indicted by a grand jury prior to
“(b) Unless waived by the accused person or extended by the court for good cause shown, such preliminary hearing shall be conducted within sixty days of the filing of the complaint or information in superior court. . . .”
February 13,1988, was the sixtieth day after the filing of the information in the Superior Court.
It is significant that the legislature has specifically provided for evidentiary hearings in other contexts. See, e.g., General Statutes § 54-46a (b) and (c) (providing for an evidentiary hearing prior to the finding of probable cause); General Statutes § 54-56d (e) (providing for an evidentiary hearing prior to the court’s ruling on competency).
The defendant claims in his reply brief that there were factual issues in dispute that required an evidentiary hearing to determine whether good cause existed for a continuance. The record is devoid of any such claim to the trial court on February 11, 1988.
The defendant argues that this court’s decision in State v. Aillon, 202 Conn. 385, 521 A.2d 555 (1987), supports his contention that representations of counsel, unsupported by evidence, cannot be relied upon by the court in finding good cause to grant a continuance. We find that decision to be clearly distinguishable from the instant case. In Aillon, we did determine that unsupported representations of defense counsel had been insufficient to establish either the unavailability of an expert witness or the defendant’s need for a continuance to acquire a substitute witness. We did not say that representations of counsel can never be sufficient, but held that under the circumstances presented in Aillon, the representations simply were inadequate. In that case the unsupported representations of counsel were insufficient because the state at trial challenged those representations and put the defendant to his burden of proof. Id., 391, 394. As we have discussed, the defendant in the instant case did not specifically object to the state’s explanation for its request of a continuance, but, rather, objected only generally to that continuance.