The defendant, Robert Fierro, was found guilty by a jury of kidnapping, rape, and theft of a motor vehicle. We find that the court below committed reversible error at defendant’s trial in failing to sustain defense counsel’s objection to a question asked by the state on cross-examination of one Victor Reyes, a parole officer for the Department of Corrections. Reyes was asked whether he once made a statement that he had always thought of the defendant as a rapist. Over objection by defense counsеl, the question was answered affirmatively.
The above testimony was inadmissible for several rеasons. First, the question asked Reyes, if he had ever expressed a belief that the defendant was a rapist. A witness’s beliefs or opinions are not proper evidence. Britt v. Stаte,
The state argues that defense counsel "opened the door” for impeachment by prior inconsistent statement. The basis for this argumеnt concerns testimony of Reyes on direct examination that he had seen a man prior to the trial who bore a striking resemblance to the defendant. Reyes testified that he did not attempt to stop this man because he thought that if this was the alleged rapist sought by thе police, he might scare him off. The state contends that Reyes’s testimony can be considered an opinion on his part that the unknown person, and not the defendant, was the perpetrator of the crime. The argument continues that the prejudicial questiоn was asked to show that a prior inconsistent opinion had been expressed concerning the identity of the crime.
We find the state’s argument wholly without merit. Reyes cannot be sаid to have offered an opinion
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as to the identity of the perpetrator at either point in his testimony. In addition, in order for a prior statement to be admitted for impeachment purposes, it must be directly, substantially and materially contradictory to the testimоny in issue. Udall, Arizona Law of Evidence, § 63 (1960). Reyes’s testimony that he saw a person who fit the description of the suspect can in no way be said to be inconsistent with the earlier statеment that he always thought of the defendant as a rapist.
See
Strong v. State,
Another reason for rejecting the question asked here is that it calls for testimony as to the defendant’s charactеr. It is generally only where the defendant offers evidence of his good reputation fоr the trait involved in the charge that the state, in cross-examination of the charaсter witnesses, may offer testimony tending to show a bad reputation for that.trait. Udall, supra, at § 114. Here, the defendant offered no testimony as to the trait involved.
The state argues in its brief that if аny error occurred in allowing this testimony in evidence, it was harmless, in view of the fact that оn re-direct examination of Reyes, defense counsel established that Reyes’s oрinion that the defendant was a rapist had been based on misinformation. We disagree. The obviously prejudicial nature of such testimony was too overwhelming for its effect on the jury to have been extinguished by a showing that the parole officer was misinformed.
Cf.
State v. Kellington,
We find it neсessary to answer one further issue which the defendant raises in his appeal. He claims he was denied equal protection when he was forced to participatе in a lineup while incarcerated for want of bail and awaiting trial for a separаte and distinct crime. It was at this lineup that the defendant was identified by the prosecutrix as thе man who had kidnapped and raped her.
The defendant bases his argument on the fact that if he had been able to make bail for the unrelated charge, he would not have been forced to participate in the lineup. Recognizing that a classification exists between those who can and those who cannot make bail, the Third Circuit Court of Appeals, in Rigney v. Hendrick,
Reversed and remanded.
Notes
Which testimony, as we have already stated, would have been inadmissible in any event.