State v. Cogswell

Mar 11, 1987
4-86-1029
Reporters:
,
Before:
Downey, Anstead, Gunther (per curiam)

Robert A. Butterworth, Jr., Atty. Gen., Tallahassee, and Diane E. Leeds, Asst. Atty. Gen., West Palm Beach, for appellant.

George T. Pallas, Miami, for appellee.

PER CURIAM.

We affirm and note our agreement with the trial court that section ‍​‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌​​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌​‌​​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌‍849.25, Florida Statutes (1985) is constitutionally invalid as a due process and equal protection violation to the extent that it permits the prosecution as a felony of the same conduct treated as a misdemeanor by section 849.14, Florida Statutes (1985). The ‍​‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌​​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌​‌​​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌‍same prohibited conduct of “taking or receiving a bet” may be prosecuted under either statute, depending upon the discretion of the prosecutor. We believe this is the situation contemplated by the Florida Supreme Court in Soverino v. State, 356 ‍​‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌​​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌​‌​​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌‍So.2d 269, 272 n. 2 (Fla. 1978) when it stated:

We note that appellant might have an equal protection argument if a violation of the misdemeanor statute invariably constituted a violation of the felony statute. Palmore v. United States, 290 A.2d 573 ‍​‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌​​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌​‌​​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌‍(D.C. 1972). In the instant case, a violation of § 784.03 would not invariably constitute a violation of § 784.07.

DOWNEY, ANSTEAD and GUNTHER, JJ., concur.