The opinion of the Court was delivered by
The defendants were prosecuted for murder, tried, convicted without capital punishment and sentenced to hard labor for life.
The record contains three bills of exceptions and a motion for а new trial.
I.
The first bill is taken to the refusal of the trial j udge, to allow to the accused to cross-examine a juror on his voir dire.
It appears that, on direct examination by the State, the juror having' declared that hе had a prejudice in favor of the accused, the Attorney General moved that he be rejeсted and the court did so, declaring him incompetent.
After the ruling, “the attorney for the defense sought to cross-examine the juror as to grounds he had for his opinion formed and expressed and his bias and prejudice for the accused. The counsel for the State objected to this form of procedure and the court sustained the objection.”
The accused does not charge that he has sustained' any injury by the ruling, or that he will derive any benefit by the remanding of the case.
It is quite likely, that the trial judge should have allowed counsel for the accused to cross-examine the juror and that he erred in declining that privilеge; but how can the accused be benefitted by the commission of the error 9
If it be true, on the one hаnd, that, had the counsel been permitted to cross-examine, the juror would have answered so as tо show that the prejudice on his mind was not such as to prevent him, on proper proof, to find a verdict against the accused, it is equally so, that he might-have testified to the reverse.
In either ease, the district judge could have ruled that the juror wаs incompetent and rejected him, to be sure improperly in the first, properly in the second, instanсe.
Of what useful purpose would it be for the accused to complain here of the improper rejection of the juror 9
In State vs. Shields, 33 Ann. 1410, we said :
“ Exception is taken to the action of the court in excusing a juryman for a cause which the defendant contends was not sufficient, under the law. Admitting the cause was not sufficient, the judge exercised his discretion in determining- the question and his error in such matter, would afford no ground for relief.”
In support, many authorities are there quoted.
In the mоre recent case of State vs. Creech, 38 Ann. 480, this court said:
“ It is no longer an open question, iu criminal jurisрrudence, that the rejecting of a juror by the trial judge, even if erroneous, affords of itself no legal ground of complaint to the accused.”
The ruling in 33 Ann. 1410 was thus formally affirmed.
Surely, we could not remand the case to have it put iu siatu, quo, so as to have the juror brought forward and cross-examined, particularly as there is no certainty that by his answers, he would certainly be admitted as a juror iu the case.
II.
The second bill is to the refusal of the trial judge to allow a witness, on the stand, to be asked -. “ Whether or nоt, certain wounds on the face and person of Claire (one of-the accused), could have been inflicted by the use of an oyster shell, in the hands of a third party, beating him therewith.”
The accused contend that to be an expert, it is not necessary to have graduated as a physician and surgeon, and that, as it was proved that the witness had had nine years’ experience in the treatment of wounds and braises, ho may rightly be tеrmed an expert.
The court had permitted the witness to answer fully and minutely, as to all the wounds and bruises he examined and saw and to so describe them.]
It excluded the question, on tlie ground, that the witness had already sworn, he cоuld not tell how the wounds were caused and shown, by his testimony, that he was not an expert.
Surely after such statement by the witnеss, the court was right in not permitting him to be subject to further examination.
HL
Tlie third bill of exception relates tо the ruling of the trial judge, permitting a State witness, whom the accused had undertaken to contradict, to be heard in rebuttal.
It appears that the witness had stated when first examined, that “ the first shot was fired behind the lunch сounter,” and that a witness for the accused and one of the accused, undertook to contrаdict him by stating, that the first shot was fired from the front of the street, towards St. ■Charles street, and not fired at Mealey; further, that afterwards, the State witness was asked, whether it was true that the first shot was fired as just stated.
Tlie district judge says, that the matter testified to by Claire was direct and new matter, and the State witness, although he had been examined as to the facts of the case, as a witness for the State, was after a statement of the particular fact testified to by Claire, called in rebuttal and asked only as to said particular matter. The сourt annulled the objection and the witness answered “no, and stated where the first shot was fired.
There is nothing to show that the witness, in his first examination, had tеstified in the way he did, when called back. He could, therefore, be brought again to the stand to testify as to a new matter, in contradiction ot what might have been .said counter, or in explanation of his owii prеvious declaration.
At any rate, even his second testimony was merely cumulative, it could only be cоnsidered as superfluous. The objection went more to the effect than to the admissibility.
It is hardly necessаry to notice the motion for a new trial, further than by saying that it relates to matters within the province of the jury and not that of this court.
The [accused themselves say nothing about it and they dispense the court from further remark.
Judgment affirmed.