30 N.C. App. 128 | N.C. Ct. App. | 1976
Defendant was convicted of feloniously receiving stolen goods. Judgment imposing a prison sentence of not less than 9 nor more than 10 years was entered. Since an erroneous portion of the charge requires that we order a new trial, we consider it unnecessary to set out the facts of the case.
“ ‘To reasonably believe’ and ‘to know’ are not interchangeable terms. While the latter may be implied or inferred from circumstances establishing the former, it does not follow that reasonable belief and implied knowledge are synonymous. The state must establish that the defendant received the goods ‘knowing the same to have been feloni-ously stolen or taken,’ and this is not necessarily accomplished by establishing the existence of circumstances ‘such as to cause the defendant to reasonably believe’ the goods were stolen. Knowledge connotes a more certain and definite mental attitude than reasonable belief, and whether knowledge is implied from circumstances sufficient to establish reasonable belief is a question for the jury.” State v. St. Clair, 17 N.C. App. 22, 193 S.E. 2d 404.
The relevant statute, G.S. 14-71, “Receiving Stolen Goods,” was amended to include the language “or having reasonable grounds to believe” as of 1 October 1975. The indictment in this case alleges the commission of the crime “on or about the 7th day of August, 1975.” The defendant was therefore entitled to an instruction on the offense as defined in G.S. 14-71 prior to 1 October 1975. The judge’s instruction, based on the statute as amended, was prejudicial and requires that we order a new trial.
Defendant’s assignment of error, based on the failure to dismiss because of the alleged failure to conduct a preliminary hearing, is overruled.
Defendant’s assignments of error, based on the alleged insufficiency of the verdict, are overruled. The verdict, as re
The other alleged errors may not occur at the next trial of the case and will not be reviewed on this appeal.
For error in the charge, there must be a new trial.
New trial.