60 Ala. 239 | Ala. | 1877
All officers, having the control and disbursement of moneys, are, as to such moneys, charged with a trust.. They do not hold the moneys in their own right, but in trust for others, either the-public, or individuals. But these official trusts are not of the class which we are accustomed to characterize as private or personal trusts. Officers thus charged have their duties defined by law, and they are bound by bond and sureties for the faithful observance of those duties. Sheriffs, probate judges, tax-collectors, and treasurers of counties, cities or towns, are among the officers to whom trusts of this nature are confided. These are public trusts. But bonded public officers, charged with the collection, custody and disbursement of moneys, public or private, and whose duties are hedged about by a complete system of legal directions and restraints, do not fall within that class of trustees who can be brought to account and settlement of their trusts in a court of equity, unless some special equity can be averred and shown.
The bill charged that Bradshaw, as county superintendent of Sumter county, had received divers sums of school funds, “amounting in the aggregate to forty-one thousand four hundred and eight dollars and thirty-nine cents, and he and his administrators have only accounted for thirty-nine thousand and nineteen dollars and thirty-six cents.” The bill then makes an exhibit of account made out against the superintendent, setting forth the several sums received by him, and the disbursements for each year, and showing a balance unaccounted for of $10,019.66. Tire bill then charges, that Bradshaw’s administrator had a pretended settlement of his intestate’s official accounts, in the office of superintendent of public instruction; and that in that pretended settlement he fraudulently procured to have allowed as credits a large number of vouchers amounting to $3,308.50 of the fund of 1866 ; $4,903.62 of the fund of 1867, and $1,700.22, other miscellaneous vouchers. The bill then proceeds: “Your orator is not fully informed how this great fraud was accomplished, but says it was done either by imposition by said
The grounds relied on in support of the jurisdiction are, first, that the funds in the hands of Bradshaw, the superintendent, were a trust fund, and it is part of the original jurisdiction of the Courts of Chancery to bring trustees to account and settlement. We have shown above that this is not such trust as comes within that rule. The second ground is the alleged fraud in the pretended settlement. Fraud is as open to inquiry and condemnation in a court of law, as it is in a court of equity. “No matter how great the fraud may be, if the party can have full, complete and adequate redress at law, he can not go into a court of equity.” —Knott v. Tarver, 8 Ala. 743. The third ground is, that the accounts are complicated and difficult of settlement, and therefore the Court of Chancery is alone capable of disentangling it. This, in a proper case, is an acknowledged head of equity jurisdiction^ “But, where the bill contained no allegation of any complexity in the accounts, or any mutuality, so that it was mere matter of ordinary contract, it was not entertained.” — Story’s Eq. Ju. § 442 a.
In Dickinson v. Lewis, 34 Ala. 638, this court laid down a rule, which we think entirely sound. It was there said: “There was nothing more than an account on one side, with credits for payments made. Of such an account, chancery has not original and independent jurisdiction. There was a
We have been referred to the case of Norton v. Hixon, 25 Ill. 439. That case comes nearer sustaining this bill than any case we have seen. But it rests on a false analogy. It was a proceeding against a sheriff, to make him account for moneys which had come to him by virtue of his office of sheriff. The court entertained jurisdiction, remarking: “There are many cases where executors and administrators have been held answerable in equity, at the suit of creditors and legatees, for misapplication of assets, although the complainant had a perfect remedy at law on the official bond of the defendant. The same jurisdiction seems always to have been exercised over assignees in bankruptcy, where the law also afforded the same remedy. In such cases as these, no doubt seems to have been entertained of the jurisdiction of the court to afford the appropriate remedy. Here is as much a violation of a trust as in those cases.” The vice of this argument lies in the fact, that while the sheriff is an acknowledged public officer, serving the public, executors,
We concur with the special chancellor, who presided in the trial of this cause, and hold that the complainant had a complete and adequate remedy at law, and the present record shows no special equity to take the case out of the operation of the general rule.
The decree is affirmed.