68 Ind. 345 | Ind. | 1879
The appellee, John A. Beal, was indicted in the court below for selling intoxicating liquor, without a license, in a quantity less than a quart at a time, and upon a trial before a jury was acquitted of the offence with which he was thus charged.
Upon the trial, and after the evidence in chief for the State had been introduced, the appellee offered himself as a witness and testified in his own behalf. The State thereupon, by way of rebuttal, and for the purpose of impeaching the credibility of the appellee as a witness, introduced one Michael Frash, a competent wit
Where a defendant in a criminal cause elects to testify in his own behalf, he occupies the position of both defendant and witness, and assumes the rights, privileges and disabilities which respectively attach to both these relations to the cause. By electing to testify, he forfeits no right which has already attached to his character as defendant, but simply in addition thereto becomes also a witness in the cause. In his capacity as a witness, he testifies under the same general rules which govern other witnesses in criminal causes. TIis general moral character can not be attacked for the purpose of his impeachment, but his character for truth may. The State v. Bloom, ante, p. 54.
This -was a construction given to the law allowing defendants to testify in criminal cases, in the case of Fletcher v. The State, 49 Ind. 124; and such we believe to be the true construction of that law as applicable to cases like the one before us.
It is the common-law right of a party in a criminal, as ’well as in a civil, cause to attack the chai’acter of an opposing witness for truth, and this right has in no manner been abridged by statute. To refuse to allow the chai'acter of a defendant, when a witness, to be thus attacked, would afford him an advantage not enjoyed by other witnesses, and clearly not contemplated by any statute of this State.
The appeal is sustained, at the costs of the appellee.