State v. Allen

174 Mo. 689 | Mo. | 1903

GANTT, P. J.

At the September term, 1900, of the circuit court of Miller county, the defendant was indicted for rape.

The indictment contains two counts, one the ordinary form for rape upon a woman, and the other charges, a rape upon the same female, alleging that she was a 'female child under the age of fourteen years.

The record discloses that the defendant, being under arrest, was brought into open court on the 18th day of September, and it being demanded of him how he would acquit himself of the charges in said indictment preferred against him, for plea thereto said he was. guilty as therein charged.

Afterwards on the same day, the record recites:‘‘The defendant herein being a poor man and unable to. procure counsel for himself, the court appoints” four-attorneys, naming them, as counsel for defendant. On the same day defendant in his own proper person and by his said counsel, by leave of the court withdrew his plea of guilty and entered a plea of not guilty to the indictment. On the next day a jury was duly impaneled and. the evidence began. On the 21st day of September, 1900, the jury returned a verdict of guilty and assessed defendant’s punishment at a term in the penitentiary for ninety-nine years. From this sentence on this, verdict the defendant prosecutes this appeal.

The evidence tends to prove that at the time of the-commission of the alleged offense, the defendant, a negro boy, was between eighteen and nineteen years of age. On the 14th day of September, 1900, there was a picnic at the town of Iberia, in Miller county. It began on Friday. On that evening there was a large concourse of people ón the grounds. Among others at the picnic were two girls, the prosecuting witness, who was thirteen years old the previous February, and her niece, who was about fifteen and somewhat larger. They were at the picnic from sundown until nine or ten o’clock that night. The prosecutrix lived about one-fourth of a mile from the picnic grounds. She and her nieee'started home with Mr. Benage and wife. After they left them they started across a field to the home of the prosecutrix, distant about an eighth of a mile. As the two young girls walked across this field side by side, they were suddenly seized from the rear. Ollie, the elder, broke loose and ran, but her assailant held Myrtle, the prosecutrix, and choked her and picked her up and carried her about 100 yards, and then she lost consciousness. She identified the defendant as the negro who followed them and who tobk hold of her.

When she recovered consciousness she was in great pain — says she “hurt all over.” She found herself on the ground and the defendant by her with his pants open in front, but she could not remember what else was, done by defendant. Ollie, on breaking loose from defendant, ran immediately to her grandfather’s, the father of the prosecutrix, and gave the alarm. She testified that when defendant came up to them he said “he wanted our company awhile.”

When she reached home her grandfather was in bed, and she told him a negro had grabbed Myrtle and run off with her. He jumped up and ran by Mrs. Gardner’s, and aroused them. Mrs. Gardner and the father heard Myrtle groaning and some one running, and went to her. WTien her father reached her, she exclaimed, “Oh, Pa, why didn’t you come sooner, that negro was choking me to death.” She was lying on the plowed ground. Her clothing was very dirty and her dress was ruined. There was every evidence of a struggle on the ground. Mrs. Gardner testified the girl’s underclothing was. torn off of her, and terribly soiled, and bloody; her privates lacerated and bleeding. She was in a state of collapse when she reached her.

They took her to her father’s house at once, and sent for a physician. Her neck was scratched and bruised. The physician testified- when he reached her she was cold and pale; her pulse was weak and fast; respiration irregular. She was prostrated.

On examination of her privates he found a laceration of the hymen at the lower border. This had been* recently done, as there was hemorrhage still oozing out of the torn hymen when he examined her. There were indications of penetration.

Gr. B. Johnson testified to a conversation with defendant in which the defendant said he and another negro made .it up that they wanted “to try a project.” He “made a run when they got pretty close to the girls, ’ ’ but his partner dropped back and he didn’t see him any more. He said, “I heard since he made a failure, but I didn’t.” Johnson said to him, “You went through with your intentions?” “Well, yes.” Asked if the girl fought any, he said, Yes, “she kicked and scratched around right smart. ’ ’ Asked if he choked her he said, “I don’t recollect; I don’t think I hurt her.” “Of course I tried to keep her from hollowing.” He said a scratch on his chin was done by her. Mr. Musser, a member of the bar, heard this statement. After Mr. Musser told him that “if the girl swears to what they say she will, your neck will be the penalty,” he said he “didn’t do anything.” On cross-examination this witness stated that “toward the last of his statement defendant said he didn’t hold her down very long. He said he scuffled around with her awhile and just got up and walked off. ’ ’

Everett Brumley testified to a conversation of defendant with Jap Cooper in which defendant said he and his brother were drinking some lemonade at the picnic and Walter Lollis, another negro, came and called him aside and said, “Don’t you want to have some sport to-night?” and defendant answered, “Any old thing.” He then said: “We started just about the time those girls were ready to start home, and we followed them down to where I took hold of them,” and then he said, “I never seen no more of the other darkey, he was gone.” Jap says, “Yon had been watching those girls, hadn’t you that evening?” “Yes,” he said, “I had.” Witness said to him, “You did what you intended to do when you started down there?” and he answered, “I did.”

The prosecuting attorney then called the clerk of the court and had him sworn. After this witness was sworn the prosecuting attorney stated to the court, “We desire to introduce the record of this plea of guilty in this case, your honor.” Counsel for defendant then said, “I want to' except to the language of the prosecuting attorney before the jury. ’ ’

“The Court: Well, you save your exceptions. He first intimated rather that he wanted to plead guilty, but seemed to be some doubt in his mind. After he stated that, the court had the plea entered, and we appointed these attorneys to look after his case, and after he talked to them he concluded he wanted to withdraw that plea of guilty. It is withdrawn without any prejudice. The prosecution should not have mentioned it at all. It might become a serious point in an appellate court. ’ ’

Counsel for defendant then saved an exception to the language of the court.

On the part of defendant the evidence tended to prove the defendant was eighteen years old in March, 1900, at his last birthday before the trial. That the defendant bore a good reputation for honesty and good citizenship prior to this charge.

Mr. Musser testified to the conversation Mr. Johnson detailed. His recollection was distinct that the defendant said he didn’t have intercourse with the girl. He didn’t think he had been with her more than two minutes; that he got scared at her hollowing and he let her lay and ran off. He said he didn’t have his pants open. He said all lie recollected lie did was that he canght her and threw her down on the ground. If he choked her he didn’t know it. He didn’t think he had. Asked if she hollowed, he said, “Yes, I think I put my hand over her mouth to keep her from hollowing. ’ ’ He said he placed his hands on her private parts. Witness stated Mr. Johnson had been talking to defendant before he came up to them.

The defendant testified in his own behalf. He denied having connection with the prosecutrix'. “All I did do was I just caught her and throwed her down and I closed up her mouth with one hand and raised her dress with the other hand. Of course she got to'struggling and hollowing. I 'come to think of myself and I got scared and ran away. I never come to unbutton my pants nor nothing that way.”

Various errors are assigned by counsel for defendant to reverse the judgment of the circuit court.

I. The proposition most earnestly urged is that the court erred in requiring defendant to plead to the indictment without advising him that he had a right to demand counsel or have their advice and in permitting him to enter a plea of guilty.

Whatever irregularity there was in arraigning defendant and receiving his plea of guilty was obviated on the same day and before any other step was required to be taken, by the appointment of four well-known members of the bar, and by permitting the withdrawal of his plea of guilty and entering one of “not guilty.” So that the defendant had the full benefit of counsel which the statute guaranteed to him (sec. 2560, R. S. 1899) and of his plea of not guilty.

In connection with this point is the further assignment that error was committed by the prosecuting attorney in offering the record of this plea of guilty and the remarks of the court in excluding it. It will be observed that the court not only refused to 'admit it but rebuked counsel for alluding to it.

It is assumed as a predicate that the plea of guilty was absolutely incompetent, but no authority or reason is given for such a position.

It is not pretended that this plea was entered under any agreement or belief that the defendant should receive a lighter punishment, nor that it was made under •any mistake or promise of leniency. That it would have been competent to show that it was made without .advice of counsel and had been withdrawn by consent of the court, if it had been admitted, there can be no doubt, nor is there any question that the court in its discretion wisely excluded it in the circumstances, but that it was absolutely incompetent we are not prepared to hold.

But conceding it was incompetent, it would be going too far to say that it is reversible error merely for ■counsel to offer incompetent evidence. To so hold would require two-thirds of the cases appealed to be reversed. This evidence was excluded and the counsel rebuked for alluding to it. Surely the court could have done no more.

Moreover, a careful consideration of the court’s ruling shows that the learned judge advised the jury that the plea was withdrawn without prejudice and that the defendant was in doubt when he made it. In view of all the facts we are clear that the judgment ought not to bo reversed on this account.

II. There was no error in the second instruction. It simply told tlíe jury that if they found the defendant had carnal knowledge of the prosecutrix and she was at the time a female child under the age of fourteen years, he was guilty of rape, whether such carnal knowledge was accomplished with or without force, and with or without her consent. This is well-settled law in this State. [State v. Houx, 109 Mo. 661; State v. Lacey, 111 Mo. 513; State v. Hamey, 168 Mo. 199, and cases cited.]

Neither is it in conflict with the thirteenth instruction which defined the word ‘ ‘ ravish. ’ ’ That word was properly defined and had only been used in the twelfth instruction in stating the law as to an assault with intent to commit a rape. Equally without merit is the objection to the third instruction.

There is no conflict whatever between the third and fourth instructions. The fourth required proof of actual penetration and the third defined what constituted penetration in the meaning of the law. They are entirely harmonious.

The court instructed upon all the law arising in the case, necessary for the information of the jury.

III. The third proposition is that this judgment must be reversed because of the remarks of the associate counsel for the State. In the course of his remarks the counsel referred to the defendant as a brute. He was admonished by the court to call him “the defendant” when he had occasion to mention him. We are referred to cases in which we have condemned the práctice of abusing a defendant.

We adhere to all we have said in those cases, but we think there is a marked difference between strong denunciation which is justified by the evidence and wholesale abuse for which there is no justification.

The counsel did use language which might well have been much more moderate and far more effectual, but in referring to the defendant’s conduct as brutal, and the defendant as a brute, he was justified by the evidence in the case.

If the defendant’s own evidence in this case, detailing how he and his confederate deliberately selected two innocent young girls, the eldest not fifteen years old, as .victims of their lust, and how they watched them start from the picnic grounds unprotected and followed them until they were entirely alone and then rushed upon them and seized them, and how he had placed his hand over the mouth of the prosecutrix to prevent her giving the alarm and how he then and there violated her person, does not stamp him as a brute, then the word has lost its old significance.

The attorney’s argument was that one whose conduct had shown him to he so pitiless and so- lost to every' principle of manhood that the helplessness of the innocent and unprotected child in no way appealed to him, was a brute, and so much of his testimony as denied the. accomplishment of his purpose ought not to be believed by the jury. In view of the overwhelming evidence in this case, supplemented by the defendant’s own testimony, we find no evidence of passion in the verdiét of the jury.

We are" unable to accede to the proposition of the able counsel, who have so faithfully defended the prisoner without fee or reward, that the evidence discloses merely a case of an aggravated assault, and not the completed offense of rape. We think the evidence fully sustains the verdict and that no less punishment would have properly responded to the proofs. In view of the overwhelming evidence, we are of opinion that the remarks of the counsel of themselves ought not to work a reversal of the judgment, and it is accordingly affirmed.

All concur.