99 Mo. 30 | Mo. | 1889
This is a suit in the name of the state to the use of Wine, collector of Scotland county, to enforce the payment of state, county, school and municipal corporation taxes, levied on the property of the Missouri, Iowa and Nebraska Railway Company for the tax year ending in August, 1886. The defendant corporation became the purchaser of the railroad property after the taxes were levied, and the defense is that the property was exempt from taxation whilst owned by the Missouri, Iowa and Nebraska Railway Company. The circuit court ruled against the' defendant, and hence this appeal.
The legislature, by the act of February 9, 1857 (Acts of 1856, p. 94), incorporated the Alexandria and Bloomfield Railroad Company with power to build a railroad from Alexandria, in Clark county, in the direction of Bloomfield, in the state of Iowa, to a point on the line between this and that state. The act provides that the construction of the road shall be commenced within ten years after its passage, and completed within ten years thereafter, and that “the stock of said company shall be exempt from taxation for a period of twenty years after its completion.” It is alleged in the answer, and not denied, that the company was duly organized in 1864, and then commenced and proceeded to carry out its proper business and railroad operations under the act.
The Alexandria and Nebraska City Railroad Company and the Iowa Southern Railway Company, a corporation organized under the state of Iowa, were consolidated on the third of May, 1870, under the name of the Missouri, Iowa and Nebraska Railroad Company, thus forming one continuous line from Alexandria, on the Mississippi, in this state, to a point in the state of Iowa, near Nebraska City, on the Missouri river. It was admitted upon the trial that the railroad was constructed and put in operation through Scotland county in 1871, and completed to the state line in December, 1872. It does not appear how much work had been done in this state before the consolidation.
In 1886, and after the taxes in question had been levied, the entire consolidated road was sold under a decree of foreclosure, entered in the circuit court of the United States for the southern district of Iowa, to certain individuals, who conveyed it to the defendant corporation, the Keokuk and Western Railroad Company.
The period of twenty years’ exemption had not expired when the taxes in question were levied by the county court of Scotland county. The general question, therefore, is, whether the property was exempt from taxation while owned by the consolidated company.
The consolidation of the rights, privileges, franchises and properties of two or more railroad companies into one, where there is no provision of the statute or constitution to the contrary, leaves the portions of the road thus formed subject to the same rules of taxation that existed before the consolidation. That portion of the new line which was exempt will continue to be exempt; and that portion which was subject to taxation will continue subject to taxation. This, we think, is the result of the following cases: Phil. & Wilm. Railroad v. Maryland, 10 How. (U. S.) 376; Tomblinson v. Branch, 15 Wall. 460; Central Railroad & Banking Company v. Georgia, 92 U. S. 665; C. & O. Railroad v. Virginia, 94 U. S. 718. The Alexandria and Nebraska City Railroad
The sixteenth section of article 11 of the constitution of 1865, which went into operation before the date of the act under which the consolidation took place, provides : “No property, real or personal, shall be exempt from taxation, except such as may be used exclusively for public schools, and such as may belong to the United States, to this state, to counties or to municipal corporations, within this state.”
The plaintiff takes the ground that when two railroad companies are consolidated they thereby surrender their charters, and the resultant company takes its powers and rights from the law which authorized the consolidation. In other words, that the old companies are dissolved and that a new one springs into existence. If it be true that the Alexandria and Nebraska City Company was dissolved by the act of consolidation, ahd the new company took its powers from the act authorizing the consolidation, then it must follow that the new company is not exempt from taxation; for the legislature had been deprived of the power to grant such immunity.
Whether the old companies were dissolved must depend upon the terms and provisions of the act of March 20, 1869 (Acts of 1869, p. 75), under which the consolidation took place; and we therefore set out the important portions of it. Section one provides : “That any railroad company organized under the general or special laws of this state, whose track shall at the line of the state connect with the track of the railroad of any company organized under the general or special laws of any adjoining state, is hereby authorized to make and
By section 2, the terms and provisions of the agreement must be approved by the holders of a majority of the stock in each of the companies, at a meeting called for that purpose; or by writing signed by them. Section 3 provides that, after the terms of the consolidation have been agreed to in one or the other of the modes above set forth, “it shall be competent for the boards of directors in each of said connecting companies to carry the same into effect, and adopt, by a resolution, a new corporate name for the company which shall be formed by the consolidation, and to call in the certificates of stock then outstanding in- each company, and exchange them for stock in the new company, as may have been agreed by the terms of the consolidation; and a copy of the said consolidation agreement and the resolutions of consolidations, and the name adopted for the new company shall be filed with the secretary of state, and shall be conclusive evidence,” etc.
The fourth section is in these words: “Any such consolidated company shall be subject to all the liabilities, and bound by all the obligations, of the company within this state, which may be thus consolidated with one in the adjoining state as fully as if such consolidation had not taken place, and shall be subject to the same duties and obligations to the state, and be entitled to the same franchises and privileges under the laws of this state, as if the consolidation had not taken place. ’ ’
In Central Railroad & Banking Co. v. Georgia, supra, the legislature of Georgia had created two corporations, the Central Company and the Macon and Western
In Railroad Company v. Georgia, 98 U. S. 359, two railroad companies had-been incorporated under the laws of Georgia, one in 1847 and the other in 1856. By their charters they were exempt from taxation beyond a specific amount on their net income. They were consolidated under an act of that state, passed in 1863, which gave them power to consolidate their stocks, and when consolidated to be known as “The Atlantic and Gulf Railroad Company.” By that name the stockholders of the companies were empowered to sue and be sued, to purchase and enjoy real and personal property, and to exercise corporate powers. The act also declared that the immunities, franchises and privileges granted by the charters of the two companies should continue in force, except so far as they might be inconsistent with the act of consolidation. Under an act passed in 1874, the property of the new company was taxed as other property. This act of 1874, it was held, would be void, as impairing contracts, but for the act of 1863, and
The effect of consolidating three railroad companies into one, says the court in McMahan v. Morrison, 16 Ind. 172, “was a dissolution of the three companies named, and at the same instant the creation of a new
Now the Alexandria and Bloomfield Company had, by its charter, a capital stock of two million dollars, divided into shares of one hundred dollars each. The act of 1869 contemplates and provides for the surrender of the stock in both of the uniting companies; and accordingly we find it provided in the articles of consolidation that the stock issued by each of the companies and outstanding shall be surrendered, and shares of stock of the consolidated company issued therefor. The act speaks of the consolidated company as “the new company;” and the very process by which it is brought into being makes it a new company, and the effect of the consolidation was to dissolve both of the old companies. It is true the act of 1869 does not specifically enumerate the corporate powers and privileges conferred upon the new company, but the corporate powers and privileges are granted by reference to the powers of the company in this state which unites with the one of another state. There is in this respect some difference between this case and that of Railroad Company v. Georgia, 98 U. S. 359. But as said in Railroad Company v. Maine, supra, a new corporation may be as readily created by the union of two or more companies as by the union of individuals; and its powers and privileges may as well be designated by reference to the charters of other companies as by special enumeration, The conclusion is irresistible, that the Missouri, Iowa and Nebraska Railroad Company is a new corporation created under and by force of the act of 1869. Being thus created
We cannot see that the fact that one of the consolidating companies was a Missouri and the other an Iowa corporation affects the conclusion just stated. The new company, in this state, is entitled to the privileges and subject to the obligations imposed upon it by the laws of this state; and in Iowa it is a corporation of that state and subject to the laws thereof. By the legislature of both states, however, it is but one company.
We are cited to a number of cases which were suits on bonds and involved the legality of subscriptions made by counties to railroad corporations. In some of the cases the subscriptions were made to this consolidated company, but we do not see that any of them are decisive of the question in hand. It must be kept in mind that exemption from taxation will not be recognized, unless granted in terms too plain to be mistaken. C. B. & K. C. Railroad v. Guffy, 120 U. S. 568; City of St. Louis v. Boatman's Ins. & Trust Co., 47 Mo. 150, 155. Such an exemption is a personal privilege, and cannot be assigned except by legislative authority. State ex rel. v. Railroad, 89 Mo. 536. If the consolidated company is in any sense a new corporation, taking its powers to be a corporation and its privileges from the act of 1869, then it cannot in justice claim the exemption; for the legislature was powerless to make new grants of that charter. It seems to us the tax cases before cited are quite conclusive.
The answer sets up the proceedings in the suit of Scotland County v. The Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railway Company, before mentioned and reported in 65 Mo. 123. That suit was commenced in 1873 to recover county and school taxes levied for the year 1872. The judgment, which was for defendant, was affirmed in
The taxes sued for here are for the year 1886, and they accrued long after those suits were commenced and determined. This suit is for a separate and distinct, cause of action, and, for this reason, we do not see how the former judgments can be a bar to the prosecuting of this suit. City of Davenport v. Railroad, 38 Iowa, 683. But we do not understand it to be claimed by the defendant, in this court, that those former judgments operate as a technical bar. The claim is, that rights have been acquired on the faith of the ruling in the Scotland county case, followed in the injunction case, and to make a different ruling at this time would be to impair the obligation of contracts, and therefore violative of the constitution of the United States. The answer to this is that this court did not then pass upon the question, whether the exemption from taxation passed to the consolidated company. The question of law was doubtless involved in the agreed facts in that case, but there were many other questions then controverted, and they were decided, and we adhere to what was then said in respect of the propositions of law which ■were actually considered. It seems to have been asserted
The judgment is affirmed.